| A | B |
|---|
| machine | device that makes work easier |
| work | transfer of energy through motion |
| simple machine | device that does work with only one motion |
| effort force | force applied to the machine |
| resistance force | force applied by the machine to overcome resistance |
| work input | work done on the machine |
| work output | work done by the machine |
| work | force x distance |
| work input | effort force x effort distance |
| work output | resistance force x resistance distance |
| ideal machine | machine in which work input equals work output |
| mechanical advantage | the number of times a machine multiplies the effort force |
| mechanical advantage | resistance force/effort force |
| newton | unit of force |
| lever-like machine | lever, pulley, wheel and axle |
| inclined plane type machine | inclined plane, wedge, screw |
| lever | bar that is free to pivot around a fixed point |
| fulcrum | fixed point of a lever |
| effort arm | portion of a lever to which the effort force is applied |
| resistance arm | portion of a lever which exterts the resistance force |
| first class lever | fulcrum in between the effort force and resistance force |
| first class lever | lever that usually multiplies the force |
| second class lever | lever with the resistance force between the effort force & fulcrum |
| second class lever | lever that always multiplies the force |
| third class lever | lever with the effort force between the fulcrum and the resistance force |
| third class lever | lever than never multiplies the force |
| third class lever | lever that is used to increase the speed of something |
| third class lever | lever with a mecanical advantage less than 1 |
| third class lever | lever with an effort arm always shorter than the resistance arm |
| pulley | a grooved wheel with a rope or chain running along the groove |
| fixed pulley | pulley that does not multiply the effort force |
| movable pulley | pulley that multiplies the effort force |
| block and tackle | combination of a fixed and movable pulley |
| wheel and axle | simple machine that consists of 2 wheels of different sizes that work together |
| inclined plane | sloping surface used to raise an object |
| screw | inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder |
| wedge | inclined plane with 1 or 2 sloping sides |
| mechanical efficiency | measure of how much of the work put into a machine is changed into useful work put out by the machine |
| friction | force that opposes work |
| power | rate at which energy is converted |
| watt | J/s |
| watt | unit of power |
| power | work/time |
| horsepower | the amount of work a horse can do in one second |
