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| Theory | a logical, time-tested explanation for events that occur in the natural world |
| Law | Summarizing statement of observed experimental facts that have been tested many times and is generally accepted as true |
| Scientific Method | Systematic approach to problem solving. The scientific method involves a series of steps or procedures including Experimental Design Frame or Experimental Setup |
| Experimental Design Frame or Experimental Setup | the parts of a controlled scientific experiment: hypothesis, independent and dependent variables, constants, data, repeated trials, and control |
| Hypothesis | Proposed solution to a scientific problem |
| Variable | a factor tested in an experimental setup. The factors that can vary or be changed in an experiment. ex:amount of light, fertilizer, water, type of plant, quality of fruit produced, etc. |
| Independent Variable | The variable that is purposely changed by the experiment |
| Dependent Variable | the variable that responds as a result of the one factor changed |
| Control | an experiment run without a variable in order to show that any of the data from the experimental setup was due only to the variable that was being tested. "The normal situation" |
| Constant | Factors of an experiment that are kept the same and have a fixed value |
| Data | recorded observations and measurements |
| Repeated Trials | the number of repetitions, objects, or organisms tested in an experiment. Repeated trials used to reduce the effects of chance or random error that might occur in a single trial |
| Metric System, SI, or International System of Units | a system of measurement used by scientists throughout the world. The system is based on units of ten with each unit ten times larger or ten times smaller than the next unit |
| Length | the distance from one point to another |
| Metric Ruler | an instrument used for measuring length |
| Meter (m) | Basic unit of length in the metric system. A meter is slightly larger than a yard. |
| Centimeter (cm) | one hundredth of a meter. 1 centimeter is .01 meter or 1/100 meters 100cm=1 meter |
| Kilometer (km) | One thousand meters. 1lilometer is 1000 meters |
| Millimeter (mm) | one thousandth of a meter. 1 millimeter = .001 meter or 1/1000 of a meter. 1000 mm= 1meter |
| Volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| Graduated Cylinder | a tool used for measuring volume |
| Meniscus | Point at the bottom of the curve of a liquid in a graduated cylinder |
| Liter(l) | Basic unit of volume in the metric system |
| Milliliter (ml) | One thousandths of a liter 1 milliliter=.001 liter or 1/1000 liters. 1000ml=1liter |
| Cubic Centimeter (cc or cm^3) | Metric unit used to measure the volume of solids; equal to millimeter 1 cubic centimeter = 1 millimeter 1cc or 1cm^3 =1ml |
| Mass | Amount of matter or anything that has mass and volume in an object |
| Triple-Beam Balance | An instruments for measuring mass. |
| Gram | one thousandth of a kilogram. 1 gram=1/1000 kilogram |
| Kilogram | Basic unit of mass in the metric system |
| Milligram | .001 gram or 1/1000 grams 1000mg = 1 gram |
| Density | Measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume of an object; mass per unit volume. Density = Mass/Volume |
| Temperature | a measure of how hot or cold something is |
| Thermometer | an instrument measuring temperature |
| Celsius/Celsius Scale | Metric temperature scale in which water freezes at 0 degrees celsius and boils at 100 degrees Celsius |
| Spring Scale or Spring Balance | a weighing scale used to measure weight or forces, such as the force of gravity, exerted on a mass. The force is commonly measured in newtons. |
| Weight | Measure of force of attraction between objects due to gravity.("On Earth"-How much the Earth pulls on an object") |
| Newton | Metric unit for weight |
