| A | B |
|---|
| Massacre at Wounded Knee | Marked the end of the wars between the federal government and the Plains Indians |
| Exodusters | former slaves from the South who settled on the Great Plains |
| Homestead Act | Promised 160 acres to any head of household willing to live on it for 5 years |
| Railroad | Main invention that ended the wide open western frontier. |
| Bimetallism | Idea that both gold AND silver would back up all printed money (greenbacks) in the US and thereby put more money into the hands of ordinary people. |
| The Grange | Organized by farmers to educate and fight the railroad companies monopoly over land and transport costs. |
| Populism | Movement of the farmers. Also known as the People' Party. Goals were to enact a 8 hour work day, raise crop prices, direct election of senators, lower income taxes, etc. |
| soddy | Typical house found on the Great Plains made out of sod. |
| Dug out | Typical house found on the Plains. |
| Oliver Hudson Kelly | Founder of The Grange |
| vaquero | Mexican cowboy. American cowboys borrowed many words, skills, and culture from the vaqueros. |
| William Jennings Bryan | Ran against William McKinley in 1893 and supported bimetallism. Gave a famous speech called "Cross of Gold" |
| Dawes Act | Put many Plains Indian tribes on reservations with the purpose of assmilating or Americanizing them. |
| Assmiliation | Changing someon's traditions, culture, clothes, language and other to the dominant cutlure. |
| Chisholm Trail | Famous cattle drive trail that ended in Abilene, Kansas where the cattle boarded trains headed to the cities. |
| Morrill Act | Federal government would give land to any state that would use that land to open agricultural colleges. |
| Edwin L. Drake | The first to successfully use steam to remove oil from beneath the earth's surface. |
| Eugene V. Debs | Ran the American Railway Union & later ran for president as a socialist. |
| Christopher Sholes | Invented the typewriter |
| John D. Rockefeller | Owner of Standard Oil. Believed in monopolies and trusts. Called a robber baron. |
| Mary Harris or "Mother Jones" | Organized coal miners and their families to fight coal companies for better working conditions. |
| George Pullman | A railroad mogul (owner) who built an entire town for his employees to live. |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Invented the telephone which led to worldwide communications |
| Andrew Carnegie | Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits. One of the "Captains of Industry" |
| Henry Bessemer | Developed a cheap and easy way to make steel from iron. Steel then allows for the creation of bridges, skyscrapers, railroad tracks, etc. |
| Electricity | Invented by Thomas Edison. Impacted industrialization by allowing companies to move AWAY from water sources like rivers and locate anywhere. |
| Social Darwinism | Encouraged the accumulation of wealth, industrialization, hard work, and survival of the fittest for mankind. If you succeded it was due to your own efforts. |
| Triangle Fire | Where 146 workers from the Triangle Shirtwaist company died in a fire due to locked doors and poor safety regulations. |
| Scabs | These are workers who will replace striking workers. Hated by striking workers. |
| Trusts | When companies organize together to drive out competition and drive up prices. Illegal today. |
| Interstate Commerce Act | Goal was to regulate the railroad companies and lower the excessive transportation rates they were charging customers. |
