| A | B |
|---|
| autotroph | organism that makes its own food |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars |
| producer | organism that makes its own food (autotroph) and produces organic molecules that serve as food for other organisms in its ecosystem |
| heterotroph | organism that obtains food by eating other organisms |
| consumer | organism that obtains food by eating producers (autotrophs) or other consumers |
| cellular respiration | chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| potential energy | energy stored due to an object's position or arrangement |
| thermal energy | total amount of energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter |
| chemical energy | potential to perform work due to the arrangement of atoms within molecules |
| calorie | amount of energy to taise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree C |
| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) | main energy source that cells use for most of their work |
| aerobic | requiring oxygen |
| electron transport chain | sequence of electron carrier molecules that transfer electrons and release energy during cellular respiration |
| metabolism | all of a cell's chemical processes |
| glycolysis | the splitting in half of a glucose molecule; the first stage of cellular respiration and fermentation |
| Krebs cycle | stage of cellular respiration that finishes the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing energy |
| ATP synthase | protein structure in cell mitochondria that uses energy from H+ ions to convert ADP to ATP |
| fermentation | cellular process of making ATP without oxygen |
| anaerobic | without oxygen |
