| A | B |
|---|
| nucleus | the "control center" of the cell |
| chromosomes | rod-shaped bodies found inside the nucleus; they carry genetic information |
| cilia | short, hairlike projections that allow certain organisms to move |
| mitochondrion | the "powerhouse" of the cell |
| plasma membrane | controls entry into and out of the cell |
| Golgi body | flattened membrane sacs that store and release chemicals in the cell |
| nuclear membrane | separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm |
| chloroplasts | manufacture food for plant cells through photosynthesis |
| centrioles | involved in cell division in animal cells |
| lysosomes | "suicide sacs" that contain enzymes to digest food and destroy invaders |
| cell wall | shapes and supports a plant cell; outside the plasma membrane |
| nucleolus | where ribosomes are made inside the nucleus |
| vesicle | a small, membrane-bound sac that helps to transport materials throughout the cell |
| vacuole | large, fluid-filled central structure found in the middle of plant cells |
| cytoskeleton | gives the cell shape, structure, and the capacity for movement |
| cytoplasm | the area between the nucleus and the cell membrane |
| lipid bilayer | the basic unit of all cell membranes |
| nuclear pore | a minute hole in the membrane of the nucleus |
| chlorophyll | green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis |
| plastid | a plant cell structure that stores food of contains pigment |
| ribosome | the "construction site" for proteins |
| rough endoplasmic reticulum | ribosomes can be found in the surface of this organelle. |
| flagella | long, hairlike projection that aids in movement |
| microtubules | thin tubes that make up part of the cytoskeleton |
| microfilaments | thin filaments that make up part of the cytoskeleton |
| eukaryotes | cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| prokaryotes | cells without a nucleus |
| Robert Hooke | scientist who coined the term "cell" |
| Antoni von Leuwenhoek | the "father of the modern microscope" |
| micrograph | a picture made using a microscope |
| phospholipid molecule | major component molecule of cell membranes with a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. |
| protein channels | these embedded structures allow larger molecules to cross the plasma membrane |
| semipermeable membrane | a type of cell membrane that allows some, but not all, materials to pass through |
| carbohydrate chains | this component of the plasma membrane acts like an ID tag for the cell. |
| cell theory | states that all living things are composed of cells |
| water | the most abundant molecule found in cells |
| DNA | the basic genetic material found in all cells |
| walls of a house | the analogy used to explain the function of the plasma membrane |
| "fluid" membrane | because of this property, when you puncture a membrane, it will come back together and seal itself |
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum | ER without ribosomes on the surface |
