| A | B |
|---|
| genome | complete set of an organism's genetic material |
| histone | small protein that DNA wraps around |
| trisomy 21 | condition in which and individual has three number 21 chromosomes, resulting in Down syndrome |
| Down syndrome | general set of symptoms in people with trisomy 21 |
| duplication | change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated |
| nondisjunction | event during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to seperate |
| deletion | change to a chromsome in which a fragment of the choromsome is removed |
| inversion | change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the original chromsome is reversed |
| translocation | process by which a sequence of nucleic acids in RNA is used to direct the production of a chain of specific amino acids |
| transposon | genetic element that moves from one location to another in a genome |
| pedigree | family tree that records and traces the occurrence of a trait in a family |
| carrier | individual who has one copy of the allele for a recessive disorder and does not exhibit symptoms |
| genetic counselor | person trained to collect, analyze, and explain data about human inheritance patterns |
| growth factor | protein the initiates cell division |
| tumor-suppressor gene | gene that codes for a protein that stops cell division in particular situation |
| oncogene | cancer-causing gene |
