| A | B |
|---|
| stromatolite | dome-shaped rock composed of thin layers of sediment pressed tightly together |
| archaea | domain of prokaryotic organisms that are biochemically and genetically distinct from bacteria |
| bacteria | domain of prokaryotic organisms that are biochemically and genetically distinct from archaea |
| coccus | a spherical bacterium |
| bacillus | a rod-shaped bacterium |
| spirochete | member of a group of animals that lack true tissues and organs |
| binary fission | mode of prokaryote asexual reproduction in which each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the parent cell's chromosome |
| endospore | dormant cell formed by certain bacteria that can survive very harsh conditions |
| cyanobacteria | group of prokaryotes that generate oxygen as a waste product of their photosynthesis |
| bioremediation | use of organisms to remove pollutants from water, air and soil |
| pathogen | a disease-casuing organism |
| lytic cycle | a viral reproductive cycle in which copies of a virus are made within a host cell, which then bursts open, releasing new viruses |
| lysogenic cycle | a viral reproductive cycle in which the viral DNA is added to the host cell's DNA and is copied along with the host cell's DNA |
| retrovirus | member of a group of viruses such as HIV that carry reverse transcriptase, which catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template |
| vaccine | dose of a disabled or destroyed pathogen (or part of a pathogen) used to stimulate a long-term immune defense against the pathogen |
