| A | B |
|---|
| reactant | the starting material(s) in a chemical reaction which can be rearranged to form products |
| activation energy | energy required for a chemical reaction to occur |
| catalyst | material that speeds up a chemical reaction but does not get used up |
| product | the ending material(s) in a chemical reaction |
| enzyme | a protein that acts as a catalyst for a biological reaction |
| chlorophyll | the light-absorbing pigment found inside the chloroplast that gives the plant its green color. |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical reactions within an organism |
| photosynthesis | the process through which plants convert light energy to chemical energy in order to produce food |
| thylakoid | disk-shaped vesicles stacked inside the chloroplasts where photosynthesis takes place |
| energy | the capacity to make things happen or to do work |
| stroma | liquid material inside the chloroplast |
| granum | a stack of thylakoids found inside the chloroplast |
| ATP | molecule that usually carries energy for the cell |
| glycolysis | the initial process of breaking the glucose molecule into two parts that takes place in the cytoplasm |
| cellular respiration | the process by which the stored energy in glucose is converted into a usable form (ATP) |
| anaerobic respiration | respiration without oxygen that often leads to fermentation and no additional ATP produced |
| aerobic respiration | respiration that requires oxygen and produces 36 total ATP |
| mitochondrion | the "powerhouse of the cell" where aerobic respiration takes place |
