| A | B |
|---|
| internetwork | a network of networks |
| Protocols that provide support for the network layer are called | routed or routable protocols. |
| Three important routable protocols | IP, IPX, and AppleTalk |
| the informal "official" protocol of the Internet is | IP |
| Protocols that do not support Layer 3 are classed as | non-routable protocols |
| The most common of these non-routable protocols that is limited to running on one segment is | NetBEUI |
| In order for a protocol to be routable, it must provide the ability to assign | a network number, as well as a host number, to each individual device. |
| The network address is obtained by ANDing the address with | the subnet mask. |
| Determine the paths that routed protocols follow to their destinations. | Routing protocols |
| Examples of routing protocols | RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF |
| Routing protocols enable routers that are connected, to create a map, internally, of | other routers in the network or on the Internet. |
| RIP maximum hop count | 15 |
| RIP updates every ___ seconds | 30 |
| RIP's only metric | hop count |
| One disadvantage of routers that use RIP is that they are | constantly connecting to neighboring routers to update their routing tables, thus creating large amounts of network traffic. |
| distance vector routing | Class of routing algorithms that iterate on the number of hops in a route to find a shortest-path spanning tree |
| Distance vector routing algorithms call for each router to send its entire routing table in each update, but | only to its neighbors. |
| Distance vector routing algorithms can be prone to | routing loops |
| A metric is a | measurement for making decisions. |
| At the data link layer, an IP datagram is encapsulated into a | frame |
| When a router receives the frame, strips off the frame header, then checks | the destination IP address in the IP header. |
| The router then looks for the datagram's destination IP address in its routing table, encapsulates the data in a data link layer frame, and sends it | out to the appropriate interface. |
| If the router does not find the datagram's destination IP address, it | may drop the packet. |
| Routers are capable of supporting multiple | independent routing protocols |
| In a _____ system the destination is not contacted before a packet is sent | connectionless |
| In a _____ system the destination is contacted before a packet is sent | connection-oriented |
| packet switched | Connectionless network processes are often referred to as |
| circuit switched | Connection-oriented network processes are often referred to as |
| In a connection-oriented network, all packets travel | sequentially across the same physical circuit, or more commonly, across the same virtual circuit |
| In a connectionless network, as the packets pass from source to destination, they | can switch to different paths, as well as (possibly) arrive out of order. |
| The Internet is one huge connectionless network in which | all packet deliveries are handled by IP |
| TCP provides connection-oriented session services to | reliably deliver data. |
| IP relies on the transport layer protocol to determine whether packets | have been lost, and to request retransmission. |
| router ARP tables differ from other ARP tables in these two ways | they contain MAC Address and they keeps track of which interface is the path to a given MAC Address |
| If a router receives a packet whose destination address is not in its routing table, it forwards it to | the address of another router that most likely does contain information about the destination host in its routing table. |
| ARP is used only on | a local network. |
| When a router does not know the MAC address of the next-hop router, the source router (router that has the data to be sent on) issues | an ARP request |
| default gateway | A router that aids a computer in finding the destination MAC address of a destination that has a different network number |
| indirect routing | When a router cannot locate the mapped destination address and MAC address of the device of the final target device, it locates the MAC address of another router that can perform this function, and forwards the data to that router |
| IGRP metrics | load, bandwidth, delay, reliability |
