| A | B |
|---|
| Cytoplasm is part of the cell in which______are made | proteins |
| A mutation that causes disease resistance in potatoes is a(n | helpful mutation |
| The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells is | meiosis |
| . In the first step of protein synthesis, | messenger RNA is made using DNA as the pattern |
| Gregor Mendel’s work was the foundation for understanding why | offspring have traits similar to those of their parents. |
| In the genetic code, a group of three nitrogen bases codes for the attachment of a specific | amino acid |
| For codominant traits, heterozygotes have the phenotype of | both alleles |
| During meiosis, sex cells form when chromosome pairs are | separated |
| An organism’s phenotype is its | physical appearance |
| An allele whose trait always shows up in an organism when the allele | dominant allele |
| An example of a human trait that is controlled by more than one gene is | blood type or skin color |
| A person who has one recessive and one dominant allele for a trait is called a | carrier |
| A genetic disorder in which a person’s blood clots very slowly if at all is | hemophilia |
| The crossing of two individuals that have identical or similar sets of alleles is referred to as | inbreeding |
| The transfer of genes from one organism to another is called | genetic engineering |
| A chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait | pedigree |
| The chromosomes determine if a person is a male of female | sex chromosomes |
| In a pedigree, a square is used to represent a(n) | male |
| An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or | genetic disorder |
| People with an extra copy of chromosome 21 have a disorder called | down syndrome |
| According to the chromosome theory of inheritance,____ are | genes |
| A______ is a change in a gene or chromosome | mutation |
| . When a plant has two recessive alleles for short stems, its alleles are written as | tt |
| A(n)__ organism has two different alleles for a trait | heterozygous |
| Traits are controlled by of genes | alleles |
| is a procedure in which fluid from around a developing baby is removed to test for genetic disorders. | amniocentesis |
| Professionals who help couples understand their chances of having a child | genetic counselors |
| breeders cross two genetically different individuals | hybridization |
| an organism that is genetically identical to the | clone |
| Inserting working copies of a gene directly into the cells of a person with a | gene therapy |
