| A | B |
|---|
| Atom | the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element |
| Characteristics of sub atomic particles location and amu | prtotons- inside/1, neutron-inside, 1, electron- outside, 0 |
| Emission particles -symbols | alpha- a, beta-weird b, gamma- weird y |
| Emission particles- charge | alpha- 2+ beta- 1- gamma- none |
| Emission particles- pentrating ability | alpha- low, stopped by paper, beta- medium, stopped by heavy clothing, gamma- high, stopped by lead |
| Atomic Mass unit | mass of atom or atomic particle is expressed |
| Cathrode ray tube | evacuted glass tube in which a stream of electrons emitted by a cathrode strikes a fluorscent material, causing it to glow |
| Electromagnetic spectrum | gamma, x-rays, uv, visible, infrared, micro, tv, radio |
| Electromagnetic radiation | form of energy consisting of waves made up of oscilatting electric and magnetic fields at right angles to each other |
| cathrode ray | stream of electrons emitted by a neg. charged electrode and attracted by a positive charged electrode |
| radioactivity | spontaneous emission of radiation from an atom |
| nuclear reaction | process that changes the composition of the nucleus of the atom |
| ion | atom or group of atoms that has a positive or neg charge cuz it has lost or gained electrons. |
| cathrode | electrode at which reduction occurs |
| wavelength | y=c/v |
| Orbital shape | s- sphere, p-dumb bell, d/f- ring, |
| isotope | atom that has the same number of protrons as another atom, but that has a different number of neutrons |
| mass number | sum of the number of protrons and neutrons in the nucleus of a given atom |
| strong nuclear force | attractive force among the particles in the nucleus of an atom |
| electron configeration | distribution of electrons among the orbitals of an atom |
| fission | spliting nucleus |
| frequency | number of waves that pass a certain point in a given amount of time |
| Photon | quantum of electromagnetic energy |
| Quantum | discrete bit of energy; smallest unit of radient energy that can be absorbed or emitted |
| Quantum numbers (4 types) | principal, orbital, magnetic, spin |
| Photoelectric effect | phenomenon in which light cna be used to knock electrons out of a metal; can be explained only in terms of the particle neture of radient energy |
| Sublevels | division of a principal energy level in an atom |
| line spectrum | spectrum that contains only certain wavelengths |
| continuous spectrum | color fades into next color |
| ground state | lowest energy level of electrons in atom |
| excited state | energy level attained by an electron that absorbs additional energy and jumps from its normal level to a higher energy level |
| orbital diagrams | representation of an atom in which arrows in boxes are used to show the electron configeration of an atom |
| matter wave | wavelike behavior of particles |
| electron density | concentration of electrons in an electron cloud of an atom |
| principal energy level | one of a limited number of energy levels in an atom |
| orbital | describe probability of finding electrons in certain regions of atom |
| number of electrons in orbitals | s-2, p-6, d-10. f-14 |
| names of orbitals | s,p,d,f |
