| A | B |
|---|
| vertical intergration | acquiring control of all the steps required to change raw materials into finished products |
| andrew carnegie | made for furtunes in the steel industry. |
| w.e.b. du bois | du bois was a professor author and public speaker |
| jim crow laws | laws that seperated people of different races in public places in the south |
| lynching | illegal seizure and execution of someone by a mob |
| collective bargaining | rights of unions to negotiate with management for workers aas a group |
| dividend | shae of a corporations profits |
| literacy test | examination to see ir a person can read and write(used in the past to restct voting |
| impeachmnet | to bring a formal charge of wrongdoing against president or another public official |
| pool | group of companies that divided up business in an area and fixed prices |
| hiram revels | a clergyman and teacher, beacme the nations first black senator in 1870(senator of mississippi) |
| consolidation | to combine, such as businesses |
| discrimination | policy or attitude that denies equal rights |
| poll tax | tax required before a person can vote |
| triangle shirtwaist fire | fire in factory 150 people mostly young women |
| samuel gompers | in 1886 organized a new union in columbus,ohio. british-born, cigar maker |
| scalawag | white southerner who supported the republicans during reconstuction |
| president grant | attacked and captured fort enry and fort donelson in tennessee |
| network | system of connected lines, as in a network of railroads lines |
| freedmens bureau | the freedmens bureau gave food and clothing to former slaves. also tried to find jobs for freedmen |
| grandfather clause | law that excused a voter from a literacy test if his gandfather hand been eligible to vote on january 1, 1867-protected the voting rights of southern whites but not those of southern blacks |
| plessyvs ferguson | the supreme court ruled that segragationeas legal so long as facilities for blacks and whites were equal |
| 10% plan | proposed by abraham lincoln in 1863.10% of voters must swear loyalty to the union |
| carpet baggers | northerners who held goverment post in the south during the reconstruction period.those men usually carried bags made of carpet |
| conservatieves | person who wants to keep conditions as they are or return them to the way they used to be |
| reconstruction act | the reconstruction act threw out the southern state goverments that had refused to ratify the 14th amnedment all the former confederate states except Tennessee |
| corneilius vanderbilt | the most powerfull rail road baron |
| charles sumner | was the time chief for the radical republicans |
| thddeus stevens | led the radicals in the white house |
| radical reconstruction | in 1867 republicans in congress prepared to take charge of reconstruction |
| sweat shop | workplace where people labor long hours in poor conditions for low pay |
| reconstruction | refers to the building of the south after the war1864-1877 |
| trust | group of corporations run by a single boarad of directors |
| stock | share in a corporation |
| 13th amendment | banned slavery throughout the nation |
| 14th amendment | granted citizenship to all persons born in the u.s. |
| 15th amendment | forbade any state to deny african americans the right to vote because pf their race |
| segregation | seperation of people based on racial, ethnic or other differences |
| anarchist | peson who opposes organized government |
| assembly line | method of production in which workers add parts to a product as it moves along on a belt |
| amnesty | goverment pardon |
| wade davis bill | a rival plan for reconstruction. it required a majority of white men in each southern state to swear loyalty to the union |
| mass production | making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply |
| corporation | a business that is owned by investors |
| strike breaker | replacements for stiking workers |
| a.f.ol | open to skilled workers only |
| hay market riot | bombs were exploding killing 8 people |
| monopoly | company that controls all or nearly all the business of an industry |
| black codes | laws that severly limited the rights of freedmen after the civil war |
| terrence powderly | president of knights of labor |
| booker t. washington | did many experiments with peanuts. also invented peanut butter and more |
| henry ford | made motor introduced assembly line in 1913 |
| freedman | men and women who had been slaves |
| john d. rockefeller | a multimillionaire who dominated the entire american oil industry |
| knights of labor | THE UNION WAS OPENED TO SKILLED WORKERS ONLY |
| thomas edison | in 1876,he opened a research labotory in menlo park new jersey. he got the nickname "the wizard of menlo park". |
