| A | B |
|---|
| Matter | anything that has mass and volume; anything that exhibits the property of inertia |
| States of matter | the different forms of matter (solid, liquid, gas, plasma) |
| Solids | Phase in which matter has a definite shape |
| Crystal (solid) | solid in which the particles are arranged in a regular pattern |
| Amorphous (solid) | a solid-appearing material without crystalline structure |
| Liquids | matter with no definite shape but with a definite volume |
| Viscosity | the resistance of fluid to flow |
| Gases | phase in which matter has no definite shape or volume |
| Boyle's Law (Gases) | A law that expresses the relationship between volume and pressure in a gas. According to this law the volume of a fixed amount of gas varies inversely with the pressure of the gas; if the volume increases the pressure decreases; as the pressure increases the volume decreases. |
| Charles' Law | a law that expresses the direct relationship between temperature and volume in a gas. According to this law the volume of a fixed amount of gases varies directly with the temperature. If the temperature of the gas increases then the volume of gas increases. When the teperature of the gas decreases the volume also decreases. |
| Plasma | phase in which matter is extremely high in energy and connot be contained by ordinary matter; very rare on Earth |
| Properties | characteristics of a substance |
| Physical properties | characteristic that distinguishes one type of matter from another and can be observed without changing the identity of the substance |
| general properties of matter | characteristics of matter that make all matter the same |
| mass (property) | amount of matter in an object |
| weight (property) | measure of the force of attraction between objects due to gravity |
| volume (property) | amount of space an object takes up |
| density (property) | measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume of an object; mass per unit volume |
| inertia (property | tendency of objects to remain in motion or to stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force |
| Mixture | matter that consists of two or more substances mixed but not chemically combined |
| heterogeneous (mixture) | substance that does not appear the same throughout |
| homogeneous (mixture) | substance that appears the same throughout |
| Solution | homogeneous mixture in which one substance is discolved into another |
| alloy (homogeneous) | a solution of two metals and a nonmetal that has the properties of a metal |
| colloid | homogeneous mixture in which the particles are mixed together but not dissolved |
