| A | B |
|---|
| DNA fingerprint | unique sequence of DNA base pairs that can be used to identify a person at the molecular level. |
| clone | genetically identical copy of a single gene or an entire organism |
| genetic engineering | process of changing an organisms's DNA to give the organism new traits. |
| recombinant DNA | genetically engineered DNA that contains genes from more than one organism or species. |
| plasmid | circular piece of genetic material found in bacteria that can replicate separately from the DNA of the main chromosome |
| transgenic | organism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species |
| genomics | study and comparison of genomes within a single species or among different species |
| gene sequencing | process of determining the order of DNA nucleotides in genes and genomes |
| Human Genome Project | project whose goal is to map, sequence, and identify all of the genes in the human genome. |
| bioinformatics | use of computer databases to organize and analyze biological data. |
| genetic screening | process of testing DNA to determine the chance a person has, or might pass on, a genetic disorder. |
| gene therapy | procedure to treat a disease in which a defective or missing gene is replaced or a new gene is inserted into a patient's genome. |
| genetically-modified organism (GMO) | an organism (plant or animal) whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques |
| bioethics | the branch of ethics that studies moral values in the biomedical sciences |
| selective breeding | The breeding of animals or plants that have desirable characteristics. Also known as conventional or traditional breeding. |
| forensics | The use of scientific methods and techniques, such as genetic fingerprinting, to solve crimes. |
