| A | B |
| Civil Service | All government jobs except for elected positions or those in the armed forces. |
| Monopoly | A company that completely controls the market of a certain industry. |
| Trust | A group of corporations run by a single board of directors. |
| Tariff | A tax on foreign goods brought into the country. |
| Muckraker | A person who reported on corrupt politicians and other problems of the cities. |
| Conservation | The protection of natural resources. |
| Suffrage | The right to vote. |
| 19th Amendment | Granted women's suffrage or right to vote. |
| 16th Amendment | Granted Congress the power to collect income taxes |
| Spoils System | Granting political or government positions to political supporters rather than those most fit or prepared for the job |
| 17th Amendment | Senators shall be elected by popular vote |
| 18th Amendment | Outlawed the sale, manufacture, importation, and consumption of alcohol in the United States (Prohibition) |
| Primary | An election where members of a political party choose their party's candidate to run for elected office |
| Referendum | A vote by the people on a proposed law or ordinance |
| Recall | The removal of an elected official by a vote of the people |
| Interstate Commerce Commission | A board that supervises and regulates all trade between states |
| Initiative | The ability of voters to propose a law or amendment and bring forth a referendum |
| Square Deal | A promise to the people by President Teddy Roosevelt that dealings with labor would be straightforward and fair |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | A 1906 law designed to regulate the manufacture and sale of food which falls under interstate trade |
| Federal Reserve Act | Established the Federal Reserve System in 1913, which aimed at creating economic stability in the United States through regulation of some economic factors |
| Federal Trade Commission | Federal agency charged with enforcing anti-trust legislation and preventing false advertising |