| A | B |
|---|
| Roe vs. Wade | it legalized abortion |
| United States vs. Nixon | presidents cannot conceal evidence of a crime |
| Miranda vs. Arizona | officers inform suspects of their rights |
| Webster vs. Reproductive Services | cannot use public money for abortion clinics |
| Gideon vs. Wainwright | person accused of a major crime guaranteed a lawyer |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | separate but equal is unconstitutional |
| Schenck vs. United States | limited free speech |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | permitted segregation |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | slaves are not citizens |
| Marbury vs. Madison | set up the principle of judicial review |
| inferior court | court of lower authority |
| criminal case | cases where jury decides outcome |
| civil case | dispute between two parties about an issue |
| suit | a lawsuit |
| jurisdiction | the authority to hear and decide a court case |
| concurrrent jurisdiction | state and federal courts share jurisdiction |
| exclusive jurisdiction | only the federal courts may hear a case |
| District courts | lowest level of the federal court system |
| original jurisdiction | the authority to hear a case for the first time |
| magistrate | issues court orders and hears preliminary evidence |
| marshal | arrests suspects and issues subpoenas |
| subpoena | court order to appear in a court |
| courts of appeals | courts above the district courts in the federal system |
| appellate jurisdiction | authority to review a lower courts decisions |
| remand | send back to a lower court for retrial |
| circuit | a particular geographic area |
| court-martial | trial before a military panel |
| judicial review | authority of the Supreme Court to check laws |
| unconstitutional | against the Constitution |
| due process | procedures established to protect citizens |
