| A | B |
|---|
| the process by which an organism's genotype is translated into its phenotype. | Protein Synthesis |
| The first stage of protein synthesis where the genetic information from a strand of DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA. | Transcription |
| Process by which the "language" of nucleic acids is changed into the "language" of proteins | Translation |
| Noncoding regions of DNA or RNA are called? | Introns |
| The sections of DNA or RNA that do contain codes for protens are called? | Exons |
| A sequences of three bases found on tRNA | Anticodon |
| A protein that binds to DNA, turning offthe genes that code for digestive enzymes | Repressor |
| A section of DNA that serves as the binding site for the enzyme RNA polymerase | Promotor |
| A random change in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA | Mutation |
| Occurs when a chromosome breaks and a piece of the chromosome is lost | Deletion |
| Occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and is incorporated into its homologous chromosome | Duplication |
| A chromosome part breaks off and attaches to a different, nonhomologous chromosome | Translocation |
| When part of a chromosome breaks off, turns around, and then reattaches in the reverse order | Inversion |
| The deletion or addition of nucleotides that disrupts codons | Frameshift Mutation |
| A change that occurs in only one nucleotide | Point Mutation |
| A gene that causes a cell to become cancerous | Oncogene |
| A factor in the environment that can cause mutations in DNA | Mutagen |
| An agent that causes of tends to cause cancer | Carcinogen |
