| A | B |
|---|
| central nervous system (CNS) | xxxxx |
| peripheral nervous system (PNS) | xxxx |
| neuron | xxx |
| cell body | large region in the center of a neuron |
| dentrite | short and branched; neurons receive information from other cells with these |
| axon | impulses are carried away from neurons by these |
| axon terminal | end of the axon; branched to allow information to pass to other cells |
| sensory neurons | gather information about what is happening in or around the body |
| motor neurons | neurons that send impulses from the brain and spinal cord to other systems |
| nerve | xxxx |
| somatic nervous system | neurons that are part of conscious control and movement, like running, jumping and talking |
| autonomic nervous system | controls body functions you do not think about like digestion, respiration, and heart rate |
| sympathetic nervous system | part of the autonomic system; increased heart rate, pupil dialation, slowed digestion |
| parasympathetic nervous system | part of the autonomic nervous system; pupil constriciton, slower heart rate, and normal digestion |
| cerebrum | largest part of the brain; where you think and store memories |
| cerebellum | lies beneath the back of the cerebrum; processes sensory information |
| medulla | connects to the spinal cord; controls involutary processes |
| integumentary system | section 3 |
| thermoreceptors | sense and respond to temperature change |
| reflex | xxxxx |
| feedback mechanism | xxxx |
| cornea | clear membrane that covers the front of the eye |
| pupil | opening in which light enters the eye |
| iris | ring of muscle that that controls the amount of light that enters the pupil |
| retina | xxxxx |
| photoreceptor | a special neuron that chcanges light into electrical impulses |
| rods | sensitive to dim light; black and white images; important for night vision |
| cones | sensitive to bright light; fine details and colors |
| lens | oval shaped peice of clear, curved material behind the iris |
| cochlea | xxxx |
| papillae | taste buds |
| olfactory cells | receptors for smell |
| endocrine system | section 3 |
| gland | xxx |
| hormone | xxxx |
| epinephrine/adrenaline | hormone secreted that speeds up heartbeat and prepares the body for "fight or flight" |
| metabolism | the sum of all processes that take place in the body |
| killer T cells | grown in the thymus, they help destroy or neutralize substances that invade the body |
| pituitary gland | xxx |
| parathyroid glands | xxxx |
| adrenal glands | xxxx |
| pancreas | xxx |
| ovaries | xxx |
| thyroid gland | xxx |
| thymus gland | xxx |
| insulin | xxx |
| glucagon | xxx |
