| A | B |
|---|
| fission | the process by which a nucleus splits into two or more fragments and releases neutrons and energy |
| proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of the atom |
| neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in the nucleus of the atom |
| electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| transverse wave | a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction the wave is traveling |
| longitudinal wave | a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave motion |
| frequency | the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time; also the number of waves produced in a given amount of time |
| wavelength | the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave |
| period | the time it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to occur |
| Hertz (Hz) | A unit of frequency (of change in state or cycle in a sound wave, alternating current, or other cyclical waveform) of one cycle per second. |
| diffraction | a change in the direction of a wave when the wave finds an obstacle or an edge, such as an opening |
| reflection | the bouncing back of a ray of light, sound, or heat whet the ray hits a surface that it does not go through |
| refraction | the bending of a wavefront as the wavefront passes between two substances in which the speed of the wave differs |
