| A | B |
| Renaissance | a period between 1350 and 1500 when interest in ancient Rome and Greece revived in Europe; led to increased interest in art, architecture, literature, and learning |
| expedition | a journey for a specific purpose, such as exploration |
| slave | a person who is considered to be the property of others and who has few rights |
| missionary | one who is sent to do religious or charitable work in another territory or country |
| colony | a group of people who settle in another land but who are still under the rule of their native land |
| charter | an official permission to operate something, such as a colony |
| mutiny | a rebellion |
| plantation | a large farm |
| indentured servant | one who agreed to work for a landowner for a number of years in exchange for the landowner paying her or his passage to America |
| theocracy | a government based on religious authority |
| blue laws | laws that restrict what people can do on Sunday |
| persecution | constant hostility or cruel treatment directed at an individual or group, especially because of religious or political beliefs |
| toleration | a belief that all groups should be able to practice their different beliefs |
| subsistence crop | a crop that provided just enough food to feed the farmer's family |
| royal colony | a colony that was under the direction of the king of England |
| proprietary colony | a colony that was governed by a proprietor or a group of proprietors who had to pay the king rent for the land granted |
| proprietor | an owner or owner-manager of land granted by the king |
| self-governing colony | a colony that is not under the control of the king or a proprietor |