| A | B |
|---|
| atoms | are composed of protons, electrons and neutrons with their appropriate charges |
| element | a substance that is composed of only one type of atom |
| enzymes | are biological catalysts which lower the amount of activation energy required to start the reaction |
| all matter in the universe of composed of | atoms |
| a cell contains | thousands of different kinds of enzymes, each with a different chemical reaction |
| concentration of a solution is | the number of particles of a substance in a solution |
| basic | a solution with a pH of 11 |
| acidic solutions | have a pH less than 7 and has more hydronium than hydroxide ions |
| buffers | tend to prevent great fluctuations in pH in body fluids |
| nonpolar molecules have | no negative or positive poles |
| polar molecule | a molecule that has a partial positive charge on one side and partial negative charge on the other |
| water | surronds all cells, found inside cells and most common solvent in cells |
| results of hydrogen bonding | adhesive and cohesive strength and capillarity |
| carbon (C) | all organic compounds contain this element |
| organic compounds | include carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
| carbohydrates | sucrose, cellulose, sugar and polysaccharides |
| glycogen | glucose-containing fragments stored in animals |
| amino acids | monomers of proteins |
| lipids | nonpolar molecules that are soluble in oil |
| nucleic acids | include DNA and RNA |
| organic macromolecule | lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids |
| energy | the ability to cause change or to do work |
| reactants | substances that are changed when they become involved in chemical reactions |
| products | new substances that are formed |
| solute | substance that dissolves in another |
| condensation reaction | when two molecules become linked together and a molecule of water is produced |
