| A | B |
|---|
| cohesion | an attraction between molecules of the same substance |
| adhesion | an attraction between molecules of different substances |
| mixture | a material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
| solution | mixture of 2 or more substances in which the molecules of the substance are evenly distributed |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution |
| solvent | substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution |
| suspensions | mixture of water and nondissolved materials |
| ph scale | used to indicate the concentration of H+ ions in solution |
| acid | any compound that forms H+ ions in solution |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH- ions) in solution |
| buffers | weak acids or bases that can react with strog acids or bases to prevent sudden changes in ph |
| monomers | smaller units that join together with other small units to form polymers |
| polymer | large compound formed from combinations of many monomers |
| carbohydrates | compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms usually in a ration of 1:2:1 |
| monosaccharides | single sugar molecules |
| polysaccharides | the large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides |
| lipid | made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms. The common categories are fats, oils, and waxes |
| nucleic acids | macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus |
| nucleotides | a monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar; a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose |
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose |
| proteins | macromolecules that contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
| amino acids | a compound with an amino group (-NH_2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end |
| reactants | the elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
| products | the elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction |
| catalyst | a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
| enzymes | proteins that act as biological catalysts. Speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells |
| substrates | the reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions |
