| A | B |
|---|
| earthquake | a vibration of the Earth caused by the release of energy stored in a vault |
| aftershock | less powerful earthquake that occurs AFTER a larger earthquake |
| Richter Scale | a scaled used to measure the strength or magnitude of an earthquake |
| magnitude | the force or strength of an earthquake |
| focus | the actual place where an earthquake begins |
| epicenter | spot on the earth's surface that is directly above the focus |
| seismograph | equipment that records the amount of energy released by an earthquake |
| viscosity | describes how quickly or easily liquid flows or moves |
| dormant volcano | one that hasn't erupted in a long time, but could in the future |
| active volcano | a volcano that erupts on a consistent basis |
| extinct volcano | a volcano that hasn't erupted in recorded history |
| surface wave (L-wave) | an earthquake energy wave that moves side-to-side & rolls like an ocean wave |
| primary wave (P-wave) | an earthquake energy wave that moves in a push/pull motion |
| secondary wave (S-wave) | an earthquake energy wave that moves up and down AND side to side |
| cindercone volcano | steep sides, explosive |
| composite (stratus) volcano | steep side, rounded bottom, explosive and dangerous |
| shield volcano | flat, least explosive |
| vent | opening at top of volcano |
| central pipe | where lava travels through middle of volcano |
| ash cloud | ash, lava, rocks erupting from volcano |
