| A | B |
|---|
| amplitude | the maximum distance from the average in harmonic motion |
| cycle | a unit of motion that repeats over and over |
| frequency | the number of cycles an oscillator makes per second |
| harmonic motion | motion that repeats itself, same as periodic motion |
| hertz | a unit of one cycle per second used to measure frequency (Hz) |
| oscillator | a system that shows harmonic motion |
| period | the time for one cycle |
| periodic motion | cycles of motion that repeat over and over again, same as harmonic motion |
| phase | refers to where an oscillator is in its cycle |
| system | a collection of matter and processes that occur in a certain space and can be studied |
| circular waves | waves that move in concentric circles |
| constructive interference | occurs when waves add up to make a larger amplitude |
| continuous | connected to itself |
| crest | high point of a wave |
| destructive interference | occurs when waves add up to make a smaller amplitude |
| diffraction | the process by which waves can bend around corners |
| fundamental | the name of the first harmonic |
| harmonics | multiples of the natural frequency |
| longitudinal wave | a wave whose oscillations are in the same direction as the wave moves |
| natural frequency | describes how an object vibrates |
| plane waves | waves that move in straight lines |
| reflection | the bounce of a wave off a surface |
| refraction | when light passes from one transparent material to another and bends |
| resonance | when the natural frequency is exactly in tune with a force applied to the system |
| standing wave | a wave trapped in one spot |
| transverse wave | a wave whose oscillation is perpendicular to the direction it travels |
| trough | the low point on a wave |
| wave fronts | another term used to describe the crests of a wave |
