| A | B |
| imperialism | The policy of establishing colonies and creating an empire. |
| nationalism | A feeling of loyalty to one's own country. |
| Manitoba Schools Act 1890 | A law that set up a single, English-only school system not connected with any church. |
| Regulation 17 (Ontario 1910) | A law that made English the official language of instruction in all Ontario schools. |
| Boer War | A war in 1899-1902 in South Africa between Britain and Boers, descendants of the early Dutch colonists. |
| Naval Service Bill | A bill to create a Canadian navy under Canadian control. |
| Alaska Boundary Dispute | A dispute between the United States and Canada over the Territory and ports in the Alaska panhandle. |
| International Joint Commission | A permanent commission set up to deal with disagreements between the United States and Britain (and thereby Canada). |
| reciprocity | An agreement between two countries to trade certain products without taxes. |
| election of 1911 | Election fought over the major issues of reciprocity with the U.S. and the Naval Services Bill. |
| Marquis wheat | A hardy wheat strain created by Charles Saunders who crossed the Scottich Red Fife with the Indian Red Calcutta. |
| corporations | Large Companies owned by a number of investors. |
| Canadian Manufacturers' Association | An organization formed in 1871 by Canadian industrialists to promote and protect Canadian manufacturing. |
| industrial heartland | A term used to describe Central Canada's (Ontario and Quebec) rapid growth in business and manufacturing. |