| A | B |
|---|
| BCC | Iron at temperatures less than 910 C normally assumes this crystalline structure |
| Cementite | Alloy with the most iron carbide |
| Pearlite | Steel alloy which steel at room temp most often assumes |
| Ferrite | Pure Iron |
| Steel | less than 2% of this is carbon |
| Castiron | iron with more than 4% carbon 2 |
| Carbon | element when alloyed with iron causes it to be brittle |
| Ferrous | iron and steel are classified as this type of metal |
| BCT | crystal type that occurs when steel is heated above 910 C |
| Martensite | Body centered tetragonal crystal of steel formed when steel is heated to 910 C |
| Mild | steel with less than 0.3% carbon |
| Austenite | Face Centered cubic form of steel |
| Tempered | to make steel less brittle it can be reheated to a lower temperature and then quenched. (candle) |
| Alloy | combo of two metals or a metal and a non-metal that form a heterogenous mixture |
| Cold working | hammering steel even without heating it |
| Galvanize | coating steel with a layer of zinc |
| IronAge | Age when ferris metal was first worked: about 1200 BC |
| Iron | element whose melting point is 1535 C |
| Coke | an almost pure form of carbon used in steel making to reduce iron oxide to Fe |
| Reduction | when iron oxide (Fe2O3) gives up an electron to become Fe |
| Alloy | a substance that has metallic properties and is made up of two or more chemical elements |
| Annealing | Heat treatment of a metal designed to produce a soft ductile condition. Typically the metal is heateed and allowed to cool slowly |
| Bronze | alloy of tin and copper |
| Coldworking | permanent deformation of a metal below its crystallization temperature. |
| Dislocations | linear defects in a crystal |
| Ductile | can be drawn or stretched into a wire or other shapes |
| Elastic | deformation in which materials return to their orginal shape after a small stress is applied |
| Failure | ultimate separation of metal parts due to applied loads: it breaks |
| Fatigue | application and release of stresses as metals is used which cause small cracks to grow |
| Grain | a crystal or ordered arrangement of atoms |
| Grain boundary | interface between grains or crystals. |
| Hardening | heating and rapidly cooling steel |
| Heat treating | modification of properties and structure of alloys by specific heating and cooling cycles. |
| Malleable | can be hammered into a sheet |
| Metallic | bonding formed by positive ions(kernels) surrounded by a sea of valence electrons. |
| Ore | natural mineral deposit that contains enough valuable minerals to make it profitable to mine |
| Oxide | compound of oxygen with some other chemical element |
| Oxidation | reaction where electrons are released (at anode) |
| Pinned | dislocations in a crystal get tangled or attached to atoms of an alloying agent |
| Plastic | deformation caused by a large stress when the material stays deformed |
| Quenched | cooled rapidly |
| Reduction | reaction where electrons are taken up (cathode) |
| Steel | an iron-carbon alloy |
| Toughness | ability to absorb energy of deformation without breaking |
| Unit cell | smallest repeating array of atoms in a crystal |
