| A | B |
|---|
| Hapsburg Empire | Empire including the Holy Roman Emprie and the Netherlands. Inherited by Charles I |
| Charles V | The name Charles I took when he inherited the Hapsburg Empire. Charles abdicated the throne b/c it was to stressful to rule 2 empires. |
| Philip II | King of Spain. Expanded Spanish influence, strengthened Catholic Church, made his power absolute |
| Absolute Monarch | A ruler with complete authority over the government and the lives of the people |
| Divine Right | The believe that authority to rule came directly from God. Belief of Philip II |
| Battle of Lepanto 1751 | Battle in which Spain and Italian allies defeated the Ottoman Empire. Great demonstration of Spains power |
| Armada | Naval Fleet. Philip sent a great one against Queen Elizabeth and England |
| Spanish Armada | The huge fleet of 130 ships Philip sent to invade England. England won the battle. Begining of the Spanish fall from power |
| El Greco | Famous Spanish painter from 1550-1650. Religous portraits and noble portraits |
| Siglo de Oro | Golden centruy of Spain |
| Miguel de Cervantes | Most important writer of spains Golden Age. Don Quixote |
| Don Quixote | Spanish story of Chivalry, Europes 1st modern novel |
| Huguenots | French Protestants |
| Henry IV | French Huguenot King. Eventually converted to Catholicism after much conflict. Issued Edict of Nantes. Laid foundations for French absolute royal power |
| Edict of Nantes | 1589, Granted the Huguenots religous toleration and other freedoms in France |
| Cardinal Richelieu | Chief minister of Louis XIII. Tried to strengthen central government of France. Wanted to destroy power of Huguenots and nobles. |
| Louis XIV | King of France after Louis XIII. Believed in divine right to rule. Took the sun as symbol of absolute power. Revoked Edict of Nantes |
| Cardinal Mazarin | Cardinal Richelieu's successor. Chief minister to Louis XIV |
| Fronde | French uprising in which nobels, merchants, peasants, and urban poor rebelled in order to protest royal power or preserve their own. |
| L'etat c'est moi | "I am the state" Louis XIV beleived this |
| Estates General | Medieval council made up of representatives of all French Social classes. Louis XIV never called them |
| Intendants | royal officials who collected taxes, recruited soldiers, and carroid out Louix XIV policies in the provinces. |
| Jean- Baptiste Colbert | Louix XIV finance minister. Imposes mercantilist polices to bolster economy, encouraged industries. Put high tariffs on imported goods to help french manufactures. Fostered overseas colonies |
| Versailles | Louiv XIV immense palace. Symbol of the Sun King's wealth and power |
| levee | Louis XIV morning ritual involving noblemen. One of the many ceremonies to highlight his importance. Also, served to keep the nobeles from being rivals and made them dependent on the king for privileges |
| Balance of Power | Led by the Dutch and English. Goal was to maintain a distribution of military and economic power among European nations to prevent any one country from dominating. |
| War of Spanish Succession | England led a war to prevent the union of France and Spain during the rule of Philip V |
| Treaty of Utrecth | 1713, treaty that ended the War of Succession. Philip remained on the throne, France agreed to never unite the 2 crowns |
| Philip V | Louix XIV grandson, also inherided the Throne of Spain |
