| A | B |
|---|
| mineral | naturally occuring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms |
| hardness | measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched |
| Mohs Scale | List of common minerals used to compare hardness against |
| luster | way a mineral reflects light |
| specific gravity | the ratio of a its weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water |
| streak | color of a mineral in its powdered form |
| cleavage | property for a mineral that breaks along smooth, flat surfaces |
| fracture | property for a mineral that breaks with uneven, rough, or jagged surfaces |
| magnetism | property for minerals attracted to magnets |
| rock | two or more minerals mixed together |
| rock cycle | model to show how rocks change from one type/form to another |
| igneous | rocks formed when hot magma cools and hardens |
| extrusive | igneous rock formed on the surface of Earth |
| intrusive | igneous rocks formed below the surface of Earth |
| metamorphic | rocks formed by changes in heat and pressure |
| foliated | metamorphic rocks in which the grains flatten and line up in parallel layers |
| nonfoliated rocks | metamorphic rocks in which layering does not occur |
| sediment | loose material such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of shell |
| sedimentary | rocks formed when sediments are compacted and cemented together |
| detrital | sedimentary rocks made from broken fragments of other rocks |
| chemical | sedimentary rocks that form when dissolved minerals come out of solution |
| organic | sedimentary rocks made from the remains of once-living things |
