| A | B |
| density | the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume |
| accuracy | closeness of a measurement to the true value |
| kilogram | the mass of 1 L of water at 4°C |
| temperature | Average kinetic energy of particles in a substance |
| meter | the SI base unit of length |
| measurement | a quantity that has both a number and a unit |
| Celsius scale | temperature scale on which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100° |
| dimensional analysis | a way to analyze and solve problems, using the units of the measurements |
| scientific notation | a method of expressing numbers as a product of a coefficient and a power of 10 |
| absolute zero | zero on the Kelvin scale, temperature at which all molecular motion stops |
| gram | base SI unit of mass |
| International System of Units | the revised version of the metric system of measurement |
| Kelvin scale | temperature scale on which water freezes at 273 and boils at 373 |
| liter | base SI unit of volume |
| precision | measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another |
| weight | force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass |
| significant figures/digits | in a measurement all of the digits that are known, plus a last digit that is estimated |
| kilo (k) | SI prefix for 1000 times larger |
| deci (d) | SI prefix for 10 times smaller |
| centi (c) | SI prefix for 100 times smaller |
| milli (m) | SI prefix for 1000 times smaller |
| thermal energy | Total kinetic energy of particles in a substance |
| heat | Transfer of Thermal Energy between objects |
| time | the interval between two events measured in seconds |
| metric system | Standardized measurement system used all over the world by all scientists |
| hypothesis | A prediction, based on research, about the outcome of an experiment/solution to a problem which specifically relates the IV to the DV |
| independent variable | Manipulated variable; the factor that the scientist changes |
| dependent variable | Responding variable; the factor that we expect will change in an experiment as a result of the change in the IV |
| constants | Factors (variables) that stay the same |
| control | Experiment used as the standard for comparison of results; o Experiment that is closest to the “normal” situation |
| trials | Number of times an experiment, object or organism is tested at each level of the IV |
| conclusion | Statement of what you have learned from the experiment |
| observation | What the experimenter sees, hears, smells, feels or tastes |
| quantitative observation | Data that uses words to describe the condition of something |
| qualitative observation | observations based on the 5 senses |
| volume | A measure of the amount of space an object takes up |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |