| A | B |
|---|
| abrasion | the grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried by wind, water, and/or ice |
| alluvial fan | a wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range |
| beach | wave-washed sediment along the coast |
| continental glacier | a glacier that covers much of a continent or large island |
| deflation | wind erosion tha tremoves surface materials |
| delta | a landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake |
| deposition | the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it, and is deposited in a new location |
| divide | a ridge of land that seperates one drainage basin or watershed from another |
| drainage basin | the land area from which a river and its tributaries collect their water |
| energy | the ability to do work or cause change |
| erosion | the process by which water, ice, gravity, and/or wind MOVES fragments of rock or soil |
| flood plain | a broad, flat valley through which a river flows |
| friction | the force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another surface |
| glacier | a huge mass of ice and snow that moves slowly over land |
| groundwater | water that fills the cracks and pores in underground soil and rock layers |
| gully | a large channel in soil formed by erosion |
| ice age | cold time periods in Earth's history, during which glaciers covered large parts of the surface |
| karst topography | a type of landscape in eaily regions where there is limestone near the surface, characterized by caverns, sinkholes, and valleys |
| kettle | a small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacial till |
| kinetic energy | the form of energy that an object has because of its motion |
| load | the amount of sediment that a river or stream can carry; based on the size of the particle and the speed of the water |
| loess | a wind-formed deposit made of fine particles of clay and silt |
| longshore drift | the movement of water and sediment along a beach caused by waves coming into shore at an angle |
| mass movement | any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill |
| meander | a looping curve formed in a river as it winds through its floodplain |
| moraine | a ridge formed by the till deposited at the edge of a glacier |
| oxbow lake | the crescent-shaped cutoff body of water that remains after a river carves a new channel |
| plucking | energy that is stored and available to be used later |
| potential energy | a tiny groove in soil made by running water |
| river | a large stream |
| runoff | water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground |
| sand dune | a deposit of wind-blown sand |
| sediment | small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms which are moved by water or wind, resulting in erosion and deposition |
| spit | a beach formed by longshore drift that projects like a finger out into the water |
| stalactite | a calcite deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave |
| stalagmite | a cone-shaped calcite deposit that builds up from the floor of a cave |
| stream | a channel through which water is constantly flowing downhill |
| till | the sediments deposited directly by a glacier |
| tributary | a stream that flows into a larger stream |
| turbulence | a type of movement of water in which, rather than moving directly downstream, the water moves in different patterns as a result of friction |
