| A | B |
|---|
| Cytoplasm | The region of a cell located inside the cell membrane (in prokaryotes) or between the cell membrane and nucleus (in eukaryotes); contains a gel-like material and cell structures. |
| Conjugation | The process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism. |
| Ribosome | A tiny structure located in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are produced. |
| Respiration | The process of breaking down food to release its energy. |
| Flagellum | A long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move. |
| Endospore | A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell. |
| Binary Fission | A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells. |
| Decomposer | An organism that breaks down chemicals from dead organisms and returns important materials to the soil and water. |
| Asexual Reproduction | A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent. |
| Prokaryotes | An organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structure. |
| Sexual Reproduction | A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents. |
| Eukaryotes | An organism whose cells contain nuclei. |
| Bacteria | Single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus; prokaryotes. |
| Pasteurization | A process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food. |
