| A | B |
|---|
| The Great Awakening | 1730s/40s religious revival; gave greater religious adn political freedom in the colonies; led to spread of political ideas because it brought north & south together |
| House of Burgesses | established in Virginia by the Virginia Co.; modeled after English Parliament; set an example for representative govt. |
| Mayflower Compact | When Pilgrims est. Plymout the colony was outside of London Company's territory so they weren't bound by their laws; signgers promised to obey laws passed |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | First written Constitution in America; described organization of representative govt. in detail |
| Johathan Edwards | Led Great Awakening in New England |
| Quaker | Protestant group that was persecuted in Eng.; founded colony of Pennsylvania; believed in tolerance & equality |
| Pilgrim | est. Plymouth, came over on Mayflower, created Mayflower Compact to rule their colony |
| French & Indian War | "Seven Years War", dispute over control of eastern North America (territory between Appalachian Mts. & Mississippi R. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Ended French & Indian War; prevented colonists from moving west of Appalachian Mts., prevented colonists from moving away from coastline, protected Indian lands, British taxed colonists to pay for war |
| Sugar Act 1764 | Raised taxes on sugar & lowered it on molasses; established Vice Admiralty courts to try accused smugglers;colonists believed their rights were being violated; boycotted Eng. goods |
| Stamp Act 1765 | placed tax on all printed materials (newspaper, wills, licenses), all items had to have a stamp to prove tax had been paid; colonists didn't like it |
| Stamp Act Congress | Representatives from all 9 colonies met in NY, sent letter to British govt. stating they couldn't be taxed except by thier own assemblies; refused to use stamps & boycotted British goods; 1776 Britished repealed Act |
| Boston Massacre 1770 | colonists were heckling British soldiers & when they became aggressive-soldiers opened fire.; 5 colonists were killed; event led to call for stronger boycotts on British goods |
| Crispus Attucks | African American killed in Boston Massacre |
| Tea Act 1773 | tax on tea |
| Boston Tea Party | Response to Tea Act, colonists dressed as Native Americans-boarded British ships-and dumped their cargos (tea) in harbor. |
| Coercive Acts | Response to Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor and put Massachusetts under military rule; reaction different because other opposition led to repeal of act |
| First Continental Congress | Colonists response to the Coercive Acts; 56 delegates met in Philadelphia to establish a political body to represent colonial interests |
| Quartering Act | Under the "Coercive Acts" British troops should be 'quartered' or given a place to live in colonists homes; put Massachussetts under military rule; occupying army |
| Battle of Lexington & Concord 1775 | British wanted to confiscate guns & ammunition that colonists stored at Concord; Paul Revere warned colonists that "The British were coming"; "the shot heard 'round the world'" |
| Declaration of Independence | Philosophy that stated all people had unalienable rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness), all men are created equal |
| John Locke | believed all people have natural rights include life, liberty, and property; Essay "Concerning Human Understanding" |
| Thomas Jefferson | Main author of Declaration of Independence; believed that if government fails to serve the people then it is the right of the people to change that government |
| George Mason | Wrote Virginia Declaration of Rights (includes idea of life, liberty, property, and happiness); wanted Bill of Rights in Constitution |
| Magna Carta | Document that limited royal power and protected nobles from unlawful loss of life, liberty and property; these rights were extended to more people; provided colonists with a concept of how govt. should protect individual rights and work for people |
| Republic | a political system where the head of state is not a monarch |
| Branches of government | executive ( President/Vice President), Judicial (Supreme Court), Legislative (Senate & House of Representatives) |
| Laissez-faire | "hands off": philosophy that government should intervene as little as possible in economic affairs |
| Classical Principles | limited govt., constitutionalism, Rule of Law, Due Process, Liberty of Individuals, freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and free markets |
