| A | B |
|---|
| ways that fossils are formed | Petrification, preservation, trace records |
| Fossils | traces of once living found in sedimentary rock |
| Imprint | impressions organisms make in mud or sand that dried out, covered and turned to stone |
| Age of fossils | determined by radioactive isotopes |
| Half-life | time required for 1/2 of radioactive isotope to decay |
| Over time, organisms of ___ ___ appeared on earth | increasing complexity |
| Jean Baptiste Lamarck | "Inheritance of acquired characteristics" |
| Charles Darwin | Current Theory of Evolution - Natural Selection |
| Natural Selection | Individuals with advantageous variation are more likely to survive and reproduce. Favorable genetic traits accumulate in a population over generations. |
| Bipedal | Uses two legs/feet to walk/move |
| Extinction | When all of a species has died |
| Galapagos | Place where Darwin's observations led to his theory on evolution |
| Opposable Thumbs | Structures that can help some animals grasp things toward their fingers |
| Origin of the Species | Darwin's book about evolution |
| Paleontologist | Individual that study fossils |
| Archeologist | Individual that studies artifacts from the distant past |
| Pangaea | Name of the lone land mass when there was only 1 continent |
| Vertebrates | Animals that have a backbone |
| Speciation | Process by which a new species develops |
| Invertebrates | Animals that do not have a backbone |
| Survival of the Fittest | Term used to describe Darwin's theory that means Natural Selection |
| Strata | Distinct layers of rock |
| adaptation | inherited characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment |
| population | group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time |
| artificial selection | selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with desired genetic traits |
| antibiotic | medicine that kills or slows the growth of bacteria |
| Amber | a sticky substance produced by evergreen trees that hardens when it dries |
| Ice | Allows whole organisms to be preserved for thousands of years in cold Artic regions. |
| Petrification | The process by which the remains of an organism turn to stone by replacing original substances with minerals from the water in which the organism dies. |
| species | a group of organisms that can breed with one another and produce fertile offspring in a natural environment |
| descent with modification | Darwin's idea that species of organisms originate as modified descendants of other species |
| Darwin's Bird of Interest | finches |
| Process of change over time | evolution |
| carbon -14 | can be used to date fossils up to 50,000 years |
