| A | B |
|---|
| Biology | The science of life |
| Differentiation | Cells become different from eachother and follow various roles in the body |
| Homeostasis | all living things keep a stable level of internal conditions |
| Natural Selection | organisms that cotain favorable traits are better able to successfully reproduce that organisms that lack these traits; survival of the fitest |
| Ecology | study of the relationship between organisms and their environments |
| Autotroph | organisms that obtains their energy by making their own food, like plants |
| Heterotrophs | organism that must take in food to meet their energy needs, like animals |
| Data | any and all information that scientists gather to answer their questions |
| Control Group | group or individual that seves as a standard of comparison with the experimental group |
| Inference | a conclusion made on the basis of facts or premises rather than on direct observations. |
| Theory | a broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true |
| Elements | pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter |
| Atom | simplest particle of an element that retains all of the properties of that element |
| Compound | pure substance that is made up of atoms of two or more elements |
| Molecule | simplest part of that reatins all of the properties of that substance |
| Free Energy | the energy in a system that is available for work |
| exergoinc Reactions | Chemical reations that involvea net release of free energy |
| Endergonic Reactions | REactions that involve a net absorption of free energy |
| Catalyst | Reduce the amount of activation energy needed for an reaction |
| Solute | the substance dissolved in the solution |
| Solvent | the substance in which the solute is dissolved |
| Hydroxide Ion | OH- one of two ions which forms when water dissociates |
| Hydronium Ion | H+ one of two ions which forms when water dissociates |
| Buffer | Chenical subatances that neutralize small amount of either an acid ro base added to a solution |
| Aqueous Solutions | solutions in which water is the solvent |
| Monosaccharide | a simpe sugar such a s glucose |
| Polysacchride | a complex carbohaydrate composed of 3 or more monosacchrides |
| Condensation reaction | chemical reaction, also called dehydration synthesis, in which one molecule of water is produced |
| Hydrolsis | the splitting of a molecule through reaction w/water |
| Proteins | orgainic compund made of one or more polypeptides |
| Amino Acid | monmer building blocks of proteins |
| 3 parts of the Cell Theory | 1. all things are made up of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of life 3. Cells only come from pre-existing cells |
| Organelles | bodies found in eukaryotic cells with a specialized function |
| Eukaryotes | a cell taht contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| prokaryotes | unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| Mitochondria | transfersenergy from organic compounds to ATP |
| ribosomes | organizes the synthesis of proteins |
| Lysosones | digest molecule, old ogranellses and foreign substances |
| Golgi Apparatus | processes and packages substances priduces by the cell |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | system of canals that is a path from one part of the cell to another |
| Tissues | group of similar cells that carry out a common function |
| Organ | several types of body tissue that together perform a function, like the stomach |
| Organ System | a group of organs that interact to perform a set or related tasks, like the digestive system |
| Diffusion | procees by which molecules move from an area of greater concentration to an ear of lesser concentration |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water across a selectivly permeable membrane |
| plasmolysis | the shrinking or wilting of a cell in a hypertonic environment |
| cytolysis | the bursting of a cell |
| Turgor Pressure | water pressure within a plant cell |
| Hypertonic Solution | a solution whose sultue concentration is higher than that inside the cell |
| Hypotonic solution | a solutions whose solute concentration is lower than that inside the cell |
