| A | B |
|---|
| messenger RNA | carries copy of DNA instructios to make a protein to the ribosome |
| transfer RNA | carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome |
| ribosomal RNA | along with proteins makes up the ribosome the organelle that makes proteins |
| ribose | sugar found in RNA nucleotides |
| uracil | nitrogen base found in RNA but not in DNA |
| thymine | nitrogen base found in DNA but not in RNA |
| transcription | process by which DNA acts as a template to form messnger RNA |
| mRNA | abbreviation for messenger RNA |
| rRNA | abbreviation for ribosomal RNA |
| tRNA | abbreviation for transfer RNA |
| RNA polymerase | enzyme that opens DNA and matches DNA bases to make messenger RNA |
| promotor | signal in the DNA that marks a point where transcription can begin |
| adenine in DNA | DNA base that calls for uracil in mRNA |
| guanine in DNA | DNA base that calls for cytosine in mRNA |
| thymine in DNA | DNA base that calls for adenine in mRNA |
| cytosine in DNA | DNA base that calls for guanine in mRNA |
| uracil in RNA | mRNA base that matches adenine in DNA template |
| adenine in RNA | mRNA base that matches thymine in DNA template |
| cytosine in RNA | mRNA base that matches guanine in DNA template |
| guanine in RNA | mRNA base that matches cytosine in DNA template |
| introns | sections of RNA that are cut out of the mRNA before it leaves nucleus |
| exons | sections of RNA that are spliced together to form the mRNA that leaves nucleus |
| genetic code | manner in which the nitrogen bases name the amino acids in a protein |
| codon | three nucleotide bases in DNA or mRNA that name a particular amino acid |
| translation | process that occurs at the ribosome by which mRNA bases are matched by tRNA's to form a protein |
| anticodon | three bases on tRNA that match mRNA codons during translation |
| gene | nitrogen base sequence in DNA that forms a protein |
