| A | B |
|---|
| Raphael | Renaissance era artist, Best known for "School of Athens" featuring prominent greek philosophers |
| Michelangelo | Renaissance Master. Sistine Chapel Frescoes, The Last judgement. Sculptures: David, The Pieta. Famous Patron was POPE JULIUS II |
| Pablo Picasso | Spanish Painter. Father of Cubism. Most famous Painting: "Guernica" known for Blue Period and Rose Period of painting prior to Cubsim |
| Claude Monet | French. Father of Impressionism (ex. Impressionism Sunrise) |
| Jacques Louis David | French painter associated with French Revolution. Famous Works: "Oath of the Horatii" "Napoleon Crossing the Alps" and "The Death of Marat" |
| Edgar Degas | French. Known for Realism. Often painted Dancers. Msot Famous work "The Star" |
| Auguste Renoir | French painter. Associated with Impressionism. Known for: "The Bathers" "La Moulin de la Galette" |
| Leonardo Da Vinci | Renaissance Master. "Mona Lisa" "The LAst Supper" "The Adoration of the Magi (unfinished)" |
| Peter Paul Rubens | Flemish Baroque Painter 1600s. Famous works include "The Apotheosis of Henry IV" "Massacre of the Innocents" |
| Caravaggio | Italian Baroque Painter 1600s. Famous works: "The Calling of St. Matthew" |
| Vincent Van Gogh | Dutch Post Impressionist painter. Famous for "Starry Night" "The Potato Eaters" and various paintings of sunflowers. His brother Theo was a well known art dealer who supported his career (Vincent recieved little to no fame while alive). |
| Titian | Italian painter 1500s. Versatile painter known for "St. Jerome in the Desert" and "Rape of Europa" and "Venus of Urbino" from VENETIAN school of painting |
| Henri Matisse | French. Early 20th century. associated with "Fauvist" movement. Known also for Paper cutouts and Prints |
| Andy Warhol | American Pop Artist from 1960s. Known for "Marilyn Monroe" and "Campbell's Soup Cans" |
| Grant Wood | "American Gothic" |
| Jackson Pollack | American 20th century painter. Abstract artist known for his "drip" technique and "action" painting |
| Francisco Goya | Spanish Painter, known for "The Third of May" and "Saturn devouring his Children" |
| Frida Kahlo | Mexican Artist, known for various self portraits (often showing her unibrow and mustache), wife of muralist Diego Rivera. Also known for communist beliefs |
| Albrecht Durer | German North Renaissance Painter. Known for "Knight Death and the Devil" |
| Geogia O'Keefe | American Artist. 20th century known for paintings set in SW (New Mexico etc). |
| Salvador Dali | surrealist spanish painter, known for "Persistence of Memory" (weird melting clocks) |
| Auguste Rodin | sculptor known for "The Thinker" and "The Gates of Hell" |
| Jan Vermeer | Dutch Painter 1600s. mainly painted scenes of middle class life. Most famous works are "Girl with a Pearl Earring" and "The Milkmaid" and "View of Delft" |
| Phidias | Ancient Greek sculptor, "Statue of Zeus at Olympia" (one of the 7 wonders of world), and statues of Athena in the Parthenon |
| Myron | Greek sculptor: known for "Discobolus (The discus thrower)" |
| Roy Lichtenstein | American Pop Artist, most well known for his depiction of comic book scenes. Most famous work is "Whaam!" |
| Eugene Delacroix | French painter, leader of Romantic School. Know for "Liberty Leading the People" "Death of Sardonopolus" "The Women of Algiers" |
| Chuck Close | American Painter, Photorealist. famous work includes "Lucas" |
| Rembrandt | Most famous Dutch painter. 1600s. Known as master of portraits. Most famous painting "The Night Watch" aka "The Shooting Company of Captain Franz Banning Cocq" |
| Edward Hopper | American Realist painter. Best knwon for "Night Hawks" |
| Donatello | Renaissance artist. Best known for first free standing nude bronze since the classical era "The David" |
| Sandro Boticelli | Renaissance era artist famous for "The Birth of Venus" |
| Jan Van Eyck | The Arnolfini Wedding |
| Edvard Munch | "The Scream" |
| Andrew Wyeth | American Realist. "Christina's World" |
| El Greco ("the Greek") | Spanish Renaissance Artist 1500s. "The Burial of the Count of Orgaz" "View of Toledo" |
| Ludwig Van Beethoven | German composer and Pianist. Went deaf continued to compose. PATHETIQUE sonata, MOONLIGHT sonata, Triple Concerto |
| Richard Wagner | German Composer 1800s, famous for operas. works: Ride of the Valkyries, the RING series, Tristan und Isolde |
| Robert Schuman | German composer and music critic, romantic composer, pianist wrote PAPILLONS, CARNAVAL |
| Frederic Chopin | Polish Romantic composer, focused heavily on Piano, wrote REVOLUTION ETUDE, FUNERAL MARCH, The MINUTE WALTZ |
| Johann Sebastian Bach | German Baroque Composer 1700s, famous works BRANDENBURG concertos, ST. MATTHEWS PASSION |
| Johannes Brahms | late 1800s German composer, famous for Cello Sonatas, the TRAGIC OVERTURE |
| Joseph Haydn | 1700s Austrian Composer, famous for symphonies and string quartets. Teacher of Beethoven, famous works The CREATION, the SEASONS. |
| Igor Stravinsky | 20th century Russian (then naturalized American) wrote Ballets (The Firebird, The Rite of Spring, Petrushka) |
| Franz Schubert | Austiran Romantic early 1800s, famous for "Unfinished Symphony," died young but had hundreds of compositions |
| Peter Tchaikovsky | Russian composer late 1800s. Famous for ballets, SWAN LAKE, THE NUTCRACKER, SLEEPING BEAUTY, and his 1812 OVERTURE (commemorating Russia's defeat of Napoleon) |
| George Frederich Handel | German-British Baroque Composer. Famous for the MESSIAH, MUSIC FOR THE ROYAL FIREWORKS, WATER MUSIC |
| Rossini | Italian Opera composer, known for THE BARBER OF SEVILLE, William Tell Overture, |
| Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Austrian Classical composer, famous for "Marriage of Figaro" numerous Symphonies "Symphony no. 40" |
| Felix Mendelssohn | German Romantic Composer, most famous work: overture for "A midsummer's night's dream" |
| Claude Debussy | turn of the 20th centruy French "impressionist" composer, know for PRELUDES, the VIOLIN SONATA |
| George Gershwin | American Composer and Pianist (early 20th century) known for rhapsody in Blue, An American in Paris, and Porgy and Bess |
| Aaron Copeland | American Composer (20th century) famous works: Billy the Kidd, Rodeo, Appalachian Spring and Fanfare for the Common Man |
| Plato | Greek. Believed Philosopher king's represented best form of government. Wrote of an "allegory of thye Cave" (reality is not what we are necessarily seeing with our senses" in his major work THE REPUBLIC |
| Aristotole | Greek. student of Plato, tutor of Alexander the Great. Wrote NICOMACHEAN ETHICS and METAPHYICS. Also wrote about physics and science (though not always accurately). Associated with Metaphysics (state of being) |
| Ayn Rand | Russian American novelist. Focused on Objectivism (man should pursue his rational self-interest) big supporter of laissez faire capitalism as it protects individual rights. Hero to Libertarians. Famous works ATLAS SHRUGGED, THE FOUNTAINHEAD, ANTHEM |
| St. Thomas Aquinas | Italian Catholic Theologan form 1200s. Considered to be greatest teacher of theology in Catholic Church. famous work SUMMA THEOLOGICA |
| Karl Marx | German 19th century economist/writer, founder of Communism, COMMUNIST MANIFESTO, believed in "dictatorship of Proletariat" "each according to his ability, each according to his need" |
| Rene Descartes | French philosopher (1600s) one of the fathers of modern philsophy. Famous statement "I think, therefore I am" famous work MEDITATIONS ON 1st PHILOSOPHY |
| Ivan Pavlov | Russian physiologist, famous for conditioned reflex experiments using dogs |
| David Ricardo | English classical economist early 1800s. Famous for "law of comparitive advantage" (countries should mainly sell what they are best at making). Major arguments in favor of free trade between countries |
| Noam Chomsky | American philosopher and linguist. Father of Modern Linguistics. Current professor at M.I.T., favors "liberatarian socialism" bordering on anarchism, major critic of capitalism us foreign policy |
| Jean Piaget | 20th century Swiss psychologist/philospoher known for works on adolescent brain development |
| Arthur Laffer | American economist, associated with "Reagnomics" or "supply side economics" favored by most conservatives. Famoulsy argued that increased taxation eventually leads to decreased revenue for the government (known as "Laffer Curve," supposedly originally illustrated on a napkin). |
| Thomas Hobbes | English Philsopher 1600s, believed that order was ore important than freedom, argued in favor of absolute monarchies for controlling the evils of civil war. Famous work THE LEVIATHAN (a sea monster) |
| Friedrich Nietzche (nee chuh) | German philospher. famous 19th century"existentialist." Known for stating "God is Dead" believing that the secularization of the world killed belief in god and had impacts on morality and the world. Famous works THUS SPOKE ZARATHUSTRA, and THE ANTI-CHRIST |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Italian renaissance political philosopher. Famous for THE PRINCE, "the ends justify the means" and "it is better to be feared than loved" |
| Carl Jung | founder of analytical psychology, pioneered dream analysis, famous for belief in collective unconcious, famous friend of Sigmund Freud, famous works PSYCHOLOGY OF THE UNCONCIOUS and THE RED BOOK |
| John Maynard Keynes | English economist from early 20th century. argued that government intervention and policies could effectively control the effects of recesssion and inflation. Founder of "Keynesian Economics" favored by Liberal democrats |
| Adam Smith | English economist, weote THE WEALTH OF NATIONS (1776) argued that government intervention and controls hindered an economy. Beliezed in "lassez-faire" economics, open market competition, and an "invisible hand" to guide prices. |
| Socrates | Greek Athenian Philospoher, teacher of Plato (who accounts are main way we know of his ideaS) famous for method of teaching by asking careful questions to help students draw conclusions). Sentenced to death (by drinking hemlock) for corrupting Athenian youth. famous quote: I know that I know nothing" |
| David Hume | Scottish Philosopher. believed in "Empiricism" that all knowledge comes from senses. Also wrote an important volume on History of England. famous work "A treatise on Human Nature" |
| Thomas Malthus | British economist, early 1800s famous for theories on population growth saying that population would outstrip earth's ability to provide resources |
| John Locke | English philospher. Believed in Natural rights of life liberty and pursuit of property. believed man entered government in order to have his property protected. famous wokr TWO TREATISES ON CIVIL GOVERNMENT |
| Immanuel Kant | German late 1700s philosopher. Famous work CRITIQUE OF PURE REASON known for transcendental idealism |
| Bertand Russel | British philsopher and mathematician, co-worte PRINCIPIA MATEMATICA (PM) famous book on foundations of math. Famous Pacifist who criticized HItler, Stalin, and US involvement in Vietnam |
| John Stuart Mill | british economist philosopher, believed in utilitarianism or ethics based on whatever is "the greatest good to the greates number" famous works ON LIBERTY, and UTILITARIANISM |
| Jeremy Bentham | English philopsopher, creater of Utilitarianism believed in just about every modern liberal thing you can think of. |
| Sigmund Freud | Austrian psychologist, founder of psycoanalysis, famous for Id, Ego and Superego as parts of human psyche. Wrote of the Oedipus complex concerning children and their mothers. famous works BEYOND THE PLEASURE PRINCIPLE, THE INTERPRETATION OF DREAMS |
| B.F. Skinner | 20th century American behaviorist/philosopher. focused on behaviorism and operant conditioning. Famous work VERBAL BEHAVIOR |
| Joseph Conrad | Heart of Darkness |
| Joseph Heller | Catch 22 |
| Charles Dickens | Great Expectations, Oliver twist, A tale of Two Cities, David Copperfield |
| Leo Tolstoy | War and Peace, Anna Karenina |
| Ernest Hemingway | The Old Man and the Sea, A Farewll to arms, The Sun also Rises |
| John Steinback | Grapes of Wrath, Cannery Row, Of Mice and Men |
| Jane Austen | Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibilty, Mansfield Park, Emma |
| Fyodor Dostoevsky | Crime and Punishment, The Brothers Karamazov, The Idiot |
| Mark Twain | The adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer, A connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court |
| Edgar Allen Poe | The raven, The Pit and the Pendulum, The Cask of Amontillado, Fall of the House of Usher, Tell-Tale Heart |
| Victor Hugo | LEs Miserables, The Hunchback of Notre Dame |
| F. Scott Fitzgerald | The Great Gatsby, Tender is the Night |
| Emily Bronte | Wuthering Heights |
| Charlotte Bronte | Jane Eyre |
| Dante Aligheiri | The Divine Comedy, (The Inferno, part of the Divine Comedy) |
| William Faulkner | The Sound and the Fury, Absalom Absalom, As I lay Dying |
| Vladimir Nabakov | Lolita |
| James Joyce | Finnegan's Wake, A portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysseys |
| Jack Kerouac | On the Road |
| Anton Chekov | The Cherry Orchard, 3 sisters, Seagull (all are plays) |
| Ralph Ellison | Invisible Man (NOT THE invisible man) |
| Geoffrey Chaucer | the Canterbury Tales |
| Giovanni Bocaccio | The Decameron (The 100 days) |
| John Milton | Paradise Lost |
| Franz Kafka | The Metamorphosis |
| Alexander Dumas | The Count of Monte Cristo, the 3 musketeers |
| Herman Hesse | Siddhartha, Steppenwolf |
| JD Salinger | Catcher in the Rye |
| Miguel Cervantes | Don Quixote |
| Daniel Defoe | Robinson Crusoe |
| Samuel Beckett | Waiting for Godot |
| Robert Frost | Poems: The Road Not Taken, The Mending Wall, Stopping by woods on a Snowy Evening |
| Lord Tennyson | Poems: Ulysseys, The Charge of the Light Brigade, All things will die |
| T.S. Eliot | poems: The Hollow Men, The Wasteland |
| Dylan Thomas | poem: "Do not go gentle into that good night" play: Under Milk Wood |
