| A | B |
| smuggling | illegal trade |
| militia | a unit of citizen soldiers |
| natural law | basic rights of life, liberty, and property |
| duties | taxes on imports |
| monopoly | exclusive rights |
| boycott | refused to buy |
| Whigs | anti-British |
| Tories | loyalists |
| preamble | introduction |
| popular sovereignty | government rests on the will of the people |
| petition | a formal written request |
| Declaration of Independence | petition |
| state | another name for nation |
| constitution | plan of operation for a government |
| unicameral | one-house |
| bicameral | two-house |
| Articles of Confederation | the first constitution for our nation and formal basis for a union. |
| confederation | partnership |
| levy | impose |
| ratification | formal approval |