| A | B |
|---|
| cytoplasm | jelly-like substance that fills cells and contains organelles |
| organelle | structures that perform a specific function in a cell |
| prokaryotic cell | a cell with no true nucleus |
| eukaryotic cell | a cell with a nucleus |
| cytoskeleton | supports and shapes the cell using microtubules |
| nucleus | control center of the cell; contains DNA |
| endoplasmic reticulum | organelle that aids in the production of proteins and lipids |
| ribosome | links amino acids together to form proteins |
| golgi apparatus | sorts, packages, and delivers protiens in the cell |
| vesicle | transports materials throughout the cell |
| mitochondrion | "powerhouse" of the cell; produces energy for the cell |
| vacuole | stores materials in the cell for later use |
| lysosome | breaks down and recycles worn down and damaged cell parts |
| centriole | aid in DNA replication; create spindle fibers |
| cell wall | "Plant cell only" protects, shapes, and supports the cell |
| choloroplast | "Plant Cell Only"; filled with chorophyll and converts light energy into energy used by the cell |
| cell membrane | bi-layer of phospholipids; forms a boundary between the cell and the outside environment |
| fluid mosaic model | shows how the cell membrane can move and change to move about their environment |
| selective permeability | property of the cell membrane that allows some, but not all, materials to pass |
| passive transport | movement across a cell membrane without the use of energy from the cell |
| diffusion | movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a low concentration |
| concentration gradient | difference in the concentration from one location to another |
| osmosis | diffusion of molecules in water |
| isotonic | solution that has equal water concentration on the inside and outside of the cell |
| hypertonic | solution where water concentration is higher inside the cell |
| hypotonic | solution where water concentration is higher outside the cell |
| facilitated diffusion | form of passive transport where molecules enter the cell though a transport protein |
| active transport | uses cell energy to move molecules against the concetration gradient into the cell |
| endocytosis | process of bringing substances into the the cell by encasing them in the cell membrane |
| exocytosis | the use of a vesicle to remove waste from the inside of the cell |
| Hooke | first to identify and name cells |
| Leeuwenhoek | first to observe and describe living cells |
| Schleiden | observed that plants were made of cells |
| Schwann | stated that all living things are made of cells |
| Virchow | stated all existing cells came from other cells |
