| A | B |
|---|
| allele | alternate forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism |
| dominant | observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait |
| fertilization | fusion of male and female gametes |
| gamete | male and female sex cells in sperm and eggs |
| genetics | a branch of biology that studies heredity |
| genotype | the combination of genes in an organism |
| heredity | passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring |
| heterozygous | when there are 2 different alleles for a trait |
| homozygous | when there are 2 identical alleles for a trait |
| hybrid | offspring formed by parents having different traits |
| Law of Independent Assortment | Mendelian principle stating that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other |
| Law of Segregation | because each plant has 2 different alleles, it can produce 2 different types of gametes. During fert., male and female gametes randomly pair to produce 4 combos of allele |
| phenotype | outward of appearance of an organisms, regardless of its genes |
| pollination | from male reproductive organs to female reproductive organs of plants, usually within the same species |
| recessive | traits of an organisms that can be masked by the dominant gene |
| trait | characteristic that is inherited; can be either dominant or recessive |
| zygote | a diploid formed cell when a sperm fertilizes an egg |
