| A | B |
|---|
| satrap | official who ruled a state in the Persian Empire under Darius |
| satrapies | the twenty states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire |
| Sophist | professional teacher in ancient Greece; believed that people should use knowledge to improve themselves and develop art of public speaking and debate |
| polis | the early Greek city-state, made of a city and surrounding countryside and run like an independent country |
| oligarchy | government in which a small group of people holds power |
| agora | an early Greek city-states, an open area that served as both a market and a meeting place |
| zoroastrianism | Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose right and wrong, and that goodness would triumph in the end. |
| peninsula | body of land with water on three sides |
| hoplite | a citizen-soldier of the Ancient Greek city-states, heavily armed foot soldiers |
| helot | person who was conquered and enslaved by the ancient Spartans |
| philosophy | study of the nature and meaning of life; comes from the Greek word for the love of wisdom |
| democracy | government in which all citizens share in running the government |
| tyrant | person who takes power by force and rules with total authority |
