| A | B |
|---|
| Autotroph | plants and some other organisms that use light energy to make their own food |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | chemical compounds used by cells to store and release energy |
| Photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbohydrates (sugars & starches) |
| Heterotroph | organisms that cannot use the sun’s energy to make their own food |
| Pigment | light absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy |
| Chlorophyll | a plants principal pigment (it gives the plant its color) |
| Thylakoid | saclike photosynthetic membranes inside the chloroplast |
| Stoma (plural: stomata) | porelike openings in the underside of the leaf that allows carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf |
| Calvin Cycle | reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar |
| Chloroplast | organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy |
| Anaerobic | process that does not require oxygen |
| Aerobic | process that requires oxygen |
| Electron Transport Chain | a series of proteins in which the high-energy electrons from the Krebs Cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP |
| Fermentation | process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen |
| Granum | a stack of thylakoid |
| Mitochondria | cell organelle that converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that the cell can use |
| Product | element or compound produced by a chemical reaction |
| Reactant | element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction |
| Transpiration | loss of water from a plant through the leaves |
