| A | B |
|---|
| farmer's debts | increased during the 1920's |
| tariff | tax on foreign goods, one cause of the Great Depression |
| installment plan | buying on credit, one cause of the Great Depression |
| Dust Bowl | area in the midwest that suffered from crippling dust storms caused by drought, high winds, and the overproduction of crops that ruined the soul. |
| Black Tuesday | October 29, 1929. The stock market crashed and the worst financial disaster to befall the US until 2001. |
| Herbert Hoover | President immediately after the stock market crash. Asked businesses not to lay off employees. |
| Bonus Army | World War Veterans who marched on Washington because their pensions were cut. |
| Margin Buying | Occurred when people would borrow money to pay for a stock. |
| hoboes | name given to the men who rode the empty railroad cars looking for work. |
| direct relief | occurs when the government gives money or food to the poor. Hoover was AGAINST direct relief. |
| Great Depression | Name given to the time period where a major financial disaster befalls the US. It was also felt globally and contributed to the rise of dictators in Europe. |
| Hawley-Smoot Tariff | Tax on foreign goods that resulted in less American goods being exported to other nations as they got us back for the tariff. |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation | Intended to help business and industry NOT individuals. |
| soup kitchens | began as ways for local charities to help the unemployed to eat. |
| Okies | Individuals who left the Dust Bowl area and went west to California. |
| speculation | When people gamble that a stock will make them a lot of money without any proof or guarantee. |
| housing starts | The number of homes being built in any given month. Indicator of how the economy is doing. In a good economy, there will be a lot of housing starts and in a bad economy there will be little to none. |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | Man who became president after Hoover. Believed in direct relief. |
| Bank holiday | First action by President Roosevelt was to close ALL banks across the nation and send in inspectators. |
| New Deal | First 100 days of Roosevelt's first term. Goal was to regulate the stock market and alleviate suffering of the Great Depression. |
| Works Progress Administration (WPA) | One of Roosevelt's New Deal programs that created more jobs and put more people back to work than any other. Men constructed airports and libraries or sewed clothes for the poor. |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Wife to President Roosevelt or First Lady. She was an important advisor to Roosevelt on domestic (US home turf) policies. |
| national debt | grew dramatically during Roosevelt's first term as money was borrowed to try and alleviate the suffering of the Great Depression. |
| John Steinbeck | Famous author during the Great Depression |
| Grapes of Wrath | Novel by John Steinbeck that describes the fictional suffering of one family during the Great Depression. Many people related to the book as similar to their own unhappy lives in the Dust Bowl and why they left. |
| Federal Securities Act | One solution for the stock market mess. It required companies to provide truth information about their stocks. |
| Securities and Exchange Commission | Another way to fix the stock market. It reformed the market in order to restore confidence in buying stocks and bonds. |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | required a national MINIMUM WAGE and made it illegal for children under 16 to work. |
| Tennessee Valley Authority | Rebuilt dams and provided hydroelectric power to the Tennessee Valley region. |
| Wagner Act | proctected the right of workers to join unions and established the National LAbor Relations Board to settle disputes between employees and employers. |
| Emergency Banking Relief Act | Required bank inspections so that federal loans would only go to stable banks. |
| Social Security Act | The most enduring New Deal Program. This provided a pension for retired workers, people with disabilities, poor mothers with dependent children, and the needy elderly. |
| Civilian Conservatin Corps | Gave 100,000's young, single men jobs to build roads, bridges, parks, plant trees, erect flood control barriers, and keep soil for eroding. |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | this insurance will protect your money in the bank. At the time, up to $5,000 and today up to $250,000. |
