| A | B |
|---|
| The judicial function is exercised in a dual court system, which consists of: | STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS |
| Virginia, like each of the other forty-nine states, has its own court system whose organization and jurisdiction are derived from - | VIRGINIA’S CONSTITUTION AND STATE LAWS |
| Virginia's court system consists of: | VIRGINIA SUPREME COURT; COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA; CIRCUIT COURT; GENERAL DISTRICT COURT; JUVENILE AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT |
| What do magistrates do? | ISSUE SEARCH WARRANTS, SUBPOENAS, ARREST WARRANTS, AND SUMMONS AND SET BAIL |
| This is the court of final appeal (Appellate jurisdiction) in VA; limited original jurisdiction (most cases tried elsewhere first) | VIRGINIA SUPREME COURT |
| These courts hear appeals from circuit courts; judges, no jury | COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA |
| These courts hear felony criminal cases and civil cases over $1,000; hear appeals from district courts; judge and jury | CIRCUIT COURT (VA JUDICIAL BRANCH) |
| These courts hear misdemeanors cases; Civil cases less than $1000; Judge only, no jury | GENERAL DISTRICT COURT |
| These courts hear juvenile and family cases; judge/no jury | JUVENILE AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT |
| __________ issue search warrants, subpoenas, arrest warrants, and summons and set bail. | MAGISTRATES |
| The U.S. Court system consists of: | THE U.S. SUPREME COURT; U.S. COURT OF APPEALS; U.S. DISTRICT COURT |
| This court is part of United States Federal Court System - Mostly appeals (appellate jurisdiction), limited original (most cases are tried elsewhere first) ; Justices/no jury | U.S. SUPREME COURT |
| Federal court with appellate Jurisdiction; Justices/no jury | U.S. COURT OF APPEALS |
| Federal courts that hear original jurisdiction; judge and jury | U.S. DISTRICT COURT |
| The Supreme Court of the US and VA determine the constitutionality of laws and acts of the executive branch. This power is called - | JUDICIAL REVIEW |
| The power of ________is an important check on the legislative and executive branches of government. | JUDICIAL REVIEW |
| What Supreme Court decision established the principle of judicial review at the national level? | MARBURY V. MADISON |
| The _____________ is the supreme law of the land | CONSTITUTION |
| State laws must conform to: | THE VIRGINIA AND UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONS |
| What two kinds of legal conflicts do courts resolve? | CRIMINAL AND CIVIL |
| In a ______ case, a court determines whether a person accused of breaking the law is guilty or not guilty of a misdemeanor or a felony. | CRIMINAL |
| In a _____ case, a court settles a disagreement between two parties. | CIVIL |
| A person accused of a crime may be arrested if the police have _____ ____.. | PROBABLE CAUSE |
| After arrest, the accused may be committed to jail or - | RELEASED ON BAIL |
| A defendant may be appointed an attorney and a plea is entered when a case proceeds to - | ARRAIGNMENT |
| In handling juvenile cases, judges have - | GREATER LATITUDE |
| In a civil case, a court settles - | A DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO PARTIES. |
| In a civil case, the ____ files a complaint to recover damages or receive compensation. | PLAINTIFF |
| The constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws is called ____ _____ . | DUE PROCESS |
| The 5th Amendment prohibits the _____ government from acting in an unfair manner. | NATIONAL |
| The 14th Amendment prohibits ________ from acting in an unfair manner. | STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS |
| The two amendments which provide due process protections are - | THE 5TH AND 14TH AMENDMENTS |
| Due process protections are provided in the 5th and 14th amendments. The 5th amendment protects citizens from unfair treatment by the ____, and the 14th amendment protects citizens from unfair treatment by the ______ . | NATIONAL GOVERNMENT -- STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS |
| KNOW THE 14TH AMENDMENT!!The 14th Amendment is important because: | IT DEFINES A CITIZEN AS ANYONE BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE U.S; IT EXTENDS ‘DUE PROCESS’ PROTECTIONS TO THE STATES (STATES CAN’T VIOLATE INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENS) ; IT GUARANTEES “EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS |
