| A | B |
|---|
| hilum | indentation in the side of the kidney through which blood vessels, nerves and the ureters pass |
| renal cortex | outer region of the kidney |
| renal medulla | inner region of the kidney |
| renal pelvis | resevoir for holding urine within the kidney |
| nephron | functional unit of the kidney; filters blood and concentrates wastes into urine |
| glomerulus | small knot of tiny blood vessels that filter blood |
| ureter | tube that carries urine from the kidney (renal pelvis) to the bladder |
| Urinary bladder | hollow, muscular organ that acts as a resevoir for urine |
| micuturition | the process of voiding urine |
| urethra | tube that carries urine from the bladder to the urinary meatus |
| urinary meatus | external opening of the urethra |
| nephrologist | doctor specializing in diagnosing and treating disorders of the kidneys |
| urologist | doctor specializing in diagnosing and treating disorders of the female urinary system and the male genitourinary system |
| albuminuria | presence of albumin in the urine |
| kidneys | retroperitoneal structures that filter the blood to remove wastes and excess water |
| retroperitoneal | behind or outside the peritoneum |
| Bowman (Glomerular) capsule | cup-like structure that surrounds the glomerulus |
| renal tubule | long, twisted tube attached to the glomerular (Bowman) capsule |
| glomerular filtration | first stage of urine formation |
| tubular reabsorption | second stage of urine formation |
| tubular secretion | third stage of urine formation |
| prostate gland | small structure that surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder in males |
| homeostasis | maintenance of a consistent environment |
| excretion of harmful waste products; regulation of homeostasis | functions of the urinary system |
