| A | B |
|---|
| Hypothesis | an educated guess |
| variable | changeable factors that could effect an experiments and outcomes |
| atom | the smallest particles into which anatom can be divided and still be the same substance |
| element | a pure substance that can't be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means |
| molecule | a particle consisting of two or more atoms chemically tied together |
| pure substance | a substance of constant composition that posseses definite qualities |
| homogenous mixture | a combination of substances in which the properties and appearance are the same throughout |
| solution | a homogenous mixture of two or more substances |
| suspension | a mixture in which the particles of a substance are mixed throughout but are large enough that they will settle (larger than collids) |
| colloid | a mixture in which the particles of a substance are mixed throughout and are not large enough to settle (smaller suspensions) |
| compound | a ure substance consisting of atoms two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion |
| distillation | a method of separating a liquid mixture by heating it so that the liquid evaporates and than condenses |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| mixture | a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combines |
| filtration | the use of paper of other materials to remove solid particles from a liquid mixture |
| volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object (measured in grams) |
| density | the mass per unit volume of a substance D=m/v |
| Boyle's Law | the volume of a fixed amount of gas increases as its pressure decreases |
| Charles Law | the volume of a gas at a constant pressureincreases as its temperature increases decreases as its temperature decreases |
| weight | the measure of the amount of gravity exerted on an object |
| volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| oxidation | the physical change with oxygen |
| chemical change | a change that occurs when a substance schanges into an entirely different |
| kinetic energy | the energy contained in moving on=bjects |
| combustiion | the burning of substances |
| gravity | a force that pulls two objects together because of their masses |
| physical changes | a change in a substances physical properties tat does not change the type of matter in the substance (tearing, crushing, breaking) |
| phase | different forms in which matter can exist solids, liquids, gasses, plasma |
| viscosity | a liquids resistance to flow |
| protons | tiny bundles of light energy |
| neutrons | particles with no charge found inside the nucleus of an atom |
| electrons | negatively charged particles surrounding the nucleus of an atom |
| chemical symbol | a one or two letter abbreviation of an element |
| periodic table | a chart listing all of the elements and basic information about an element |
| family | a vertical column of elements on the periodic table |
| isotopes | atoms of the same element that hace the same number of protons but different number of neutrons |
| mass number | the sum of te protons and nuetrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| period | a horizintal column of elements on the periodic table |
| Valence electrons | the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom |
| metalloid | elements that have properties of both metals and non metals |
| metal | an element that is shiny has a high melting point |
| nonmetal | elements that dont have the characteristics of metals |
| ion | a charge of a particle |
| oxidation | a chemical change in which a a substance combines with oxygen |
| ionic bond | the force of attraction betweenoppositly charged ions |
| chemical formula | a combo of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a compound or indicate the atoms present in the molecule |
| chemical symbol | a one or two letter abbreviation for an element |
| polar molecule | a molecule that has a a positive and negative end so it can conduct in many ways |
| covalent bond | a bond in which valence electrons ae shared between atoms |
| chemical bond | astrong force of an attraction that holds the atoms of a substance together |
| noble gases | the elements in the far right columnof the periodic table which have full outer energy levels and will not combine with other elements |
| octet rule | the tendency of atoms to want 8 electrons in their outer energy level |
