| A | B |
|---|
| lymph | clear, watery fluid that filters out of the blood through capillary walls |
| lymphatic capillary | small, dead-ended tubes located in the tissues that collect excess interstitial fluid |
| lymph node | small collections of stationary lymph tissue on the lymph vessels; filter lymph |
| cervical lymph nodes | lymph nodes found in the neck |
| axillary lymph nodes | lymph nodes found in the armpit |
| inguinal lymph nodes | lymph nodes found in the groin |
| tonsils | masses of lymphatic tissue found at the back of the nose and upper throat |
| adenoids | nasopharyngeal tonsils; tonsils found at back of nasopharynx |
| spleen | lymphatic organ located posterior to the stomach that filters blood, destroys old blood cells and develops some types of white blood cells |
| thymus | mass of lymphatic and glandular tissue located superior to the heart; develops T-lymphocytes |
| mediastinal lymph nodes | lymph nodes found near the heart |
| pathogen | a microorganism that causes disease |
| toxins | poisonous substances |
| immunity | the body's ability to resist antigens that damage tissues and organs |
| antigen | molecules that trigger an immune response |
| antibody; immunoglobulin | protein that attaches to a specific antigen to identify it and block its effect |
| B-lymphocytes | white blood cells that produce and secrete specific antibodies |
| T-Lymphocytes | white blood cells that mature in the thymus and fight viruses and cancer cells |
| macrophage | white blood cells that engulf foreign or damaged cells and destroy them |
| complement | series of proteins that help lymphocytes destry their target cells |
| active immunity | occurs when the individual's body produces antibodies; provides long-term immunity |
| passive immunity | occurs when an individual acquires antibodies from an outside source; provides only short-term immunity |
| natural immunity | occurs when immunity is gained through natural processes |
| artificial immunity | occurs when immunity is stimulated by artificial means |
| lymph capillaries | small, dead-ended tubes that collect intersitial fluid (lymph) |
| right lymphatic duct | structure through which the fluid collected on the right side of the body is drained into the bloodstream |
| thoracic duct | structure through which fluid collected from the left and lower portions of the body is drained into the bloodstream |
| non-specific (innate) defenses | protective processes that are present at birth and are not specific to a particular antigen |
| specific (adaptive) immunity | protective processes that are specific to a particular antigen and are developed over time |
| mesenteric lymph nodes | lymph nodes found in near the intestines |
| paraaortic lymph nodes | lymph nodes found in the lumbar region |
| lymph vessel | larger vessel that collects lymph from the lymph capillaries; has valves to prevent backflow |
