| A | B |
| archaic | ancient; no longer used |
| argot | informal language of a particular group |
| connotation | meanings suggested by a word |
| denotation | a word's most direct or specific meaning |
| idiom | nonliteral expression; can't tell the meaning of the expression by the words |
| jargon | a profession's specialized vocabulary |
| pidgin | simple speech from combined languages |
| semantics | the study of word meanings |
| standard | conforming to established usage; measure of quality |
| vernacular | everyday language |
| atlas | book of maps |
| epicure | person with refined taste |
| galvanize | to stimulate into action |
| jovial | jolly; filled with cheer |
| nemesis | source of harm |
| Pyrrhic victory | a costly victory (example: many die) |
| quixotic | dedicated to unreachable goals |
| saturnine | gloomy and sullen |
| Sisyphean | requiring endless useless effort |
| solecism | improper language, behavior, or manners |