| A | B |
| Natural Resources | Raw materials supplied by nature |
| Agricultural products | Crops and animals grown by farmers. |
| Processed Goods | Products that have been changed inform to increase their value and usefulness. |
| Producers | Develop products to sell to other businesses or consumers. |
| Extractors | Obtain natural resources from the earth for processing. |
| Farmers | Tend land and other natural resources to grow crops and livestock that are later sold and processed. |
| Manufacturers | Obtain materials from other producers and convert them into products for sale to consumers and other businesses. |
| Mass Production | An assembly process that makes a large number of identical products using a continuous efficient procedure. |
| Custom Manufacturing | Building a specific and unique product to meet the needs of one customer. |
| Intermittent Processing | Uses short production runs to produce a precise amount of variation of a product. |
| Applied Research | Studies existing products to develop design improvements or new product uses. |
| Pure Research | Has the goal of discovering new solutions to problems. |
| Production Process | Activities, equipment, and resources needed to manufacture a product; assembly steps and procedures. |
| Inventory | A detailed account of a company's materials, supplies, and finished products. |
| Continuous Process Improvement | CPI; a way to make sure manufacturing processes are completed as effectively as possible; increases the quality of work. |
| Benchmarks | Best practices among all competitors. |