| A | B |
|---|
| Oregon Trail | trail that began in Missouri and went to Portland, Oregon |
| Santa Fe Trail | trail that led to New Mexico-Main trail to the Soutwest |
| California Trail | trail that broke off the Oregon Trail and headed west to California |
| frontier | any new or unexplored area |
| pioneer | a person who is the first or among the first to explore or settle a region |
| trail | a path marked to show a route through a wilderness region |
| independence | freedom from outside control or support |
| Gold Rush | a large-scale and hasty movement of people to a region where gold had been discovered (California in 1849) |
| forty-niner | a gold seeker who went to California in 1849 |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the certain future of the United States was to Stretch from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| hardship | a difficulty; something that causes pain or loss |
| Louisiana Purchase | In 1803, the French sold New Orleans and the rest of the Louisiana Territory for $15 million dollars to the United States and President Jefferson |
| New Orleans | a port city at the mouth of the Mississippi River,in the Louisiana Territory |
| Louis and Clark | these explorers, of the Louisian Purchase, started in Missouri in 1804,traveled the Missouri River, crossed the Rocky Mountains, canoed down the Columbia River to the Pacific Ocean in Portland Oregon. |
| Daniel Boone | One of the earliest pioneers who crossed the Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Gap |
| California Gold Rush | In 1849, many people traveled to California to make there fortune by searching for gold |
| Zebulon Pike | the leader of an expedition that followed the Arkansas River traveling past the Rocky Mountain range, southwest to Santa Fe |
| Sam Houston | the first president of Texas who led the surprise attack against the Mexican General Santa Anna and yelled the phrase "Remember the Alamo".(This victory led to Texas becoming part of the United States) |
| Trail of Tears | In 1838, 12,000 Native Americans were kicked out of their land in Georgia and forced to march to land west of the Mississippi.Many died from disease, fatigue, and exposure. Many who didn't cooperate were forced into unsanitary camps and also died |
| The Donner Party | A group of pioneers who chose to trying and take a short cut over the Great Salt Lake and got stuck for the winter and ending up eating those who died |
