| A | B |
|---|
| acropolis | hilltop fortress in a city-state of ancient Greece |
| helot | in sparta, slave who worked the land |
| Delian league | a deffensive alliance to guard against possible future Persain attacks |
| Parthenon | a rectangular building supported by stately marble columns |
| Punic Wars | Rome Vs. Carthage in 3 exhausting wars, Punicus=latin=Phoenicians |
| Hannibal | Hamilcar's son, sweared to remain rome's enemy for life |
| tribute | forced payment |
| latifundia | vast estates |
| aqueducts | canal- ancient Rome- to carry water from reservoirs in the country to the cities |
| coloni | small farmers who worked land they gave to nobles in return for protection |
| middle ages | Period of history in Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire from abour 500-1350 |
| Franks | strongest kingdom to emerge in early Middle ages. |
| Charlemange | "Charles the Great" The greatest Frankish King, the Pope crowned him " Emperor of the Romans" |
| Fief | an estate that a lord provided a vassal |
| Manor | the lands includin a village and surrounding lands, administered by a lord |
| Pope Leo III | he is the one who crowned Charlemange "Emperor of the Romans" |
| Vassal | a lesser noble who served a powerful lord |
